Orígenes de la Teoría de la Seducción. Etiología y herencia en los primeros escritos de Sigmund Freud

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Fecha
12/2013
Editorial
Sociedad Argentina de Psicoanálisis
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Revista de la Sociedad Argentina de Psicoanálisis
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1514-089x
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Español
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Resumen
El objetivo del presente trabajo es mostrar de qué manera Sigmund Freud, durante el primer período de su pensamiento (1886-1896) se interesó por la etiología de las enfermedades nerviosas. Continuando una tendencia que se hacía cada vez más fuerte en la medicina europea de fines de siglo XIX, ese autor se ocupó no solamente de la descripción sintomática de las afecciones, sino sobre todo del esclarecimiento de sus causas. A inicios de 1890, Freud comienza a despejar la causa de los síntomas neuróticos, pero es aún incapaz de captar el basamento último de la patología. Esa constatación tenía serias consecuencias para su teoría, pues le recordaba que las soluciones terapéuticas por él ensayadas podían solamente disolver síntomas y molestias, mas no acabar definitivamente con la enfermedad. Por otra parte, durante esa misma década, en muchas oportunidades Freud se refirió a la herencia como la causa posible de muchos de los desarreglos neuróticos que él estudiaba. En tal sentido, el objetivo final de esta publicación es mostrar, en base al análisis de algunas fuentes freudianas nunca traducidas al español, que la creación de la teoría traumática de 1896 (o teoría de la seducción) fue sobre todo la culminación de un trayecto caracterizado por el afán de hallar la causa última o predisponente de las neurosis
The purpose of this paper is to show how Sigmund Freud, during the first period of his career (1886-1896), became interested in the etiology of mental illnesses. Continuing a trend that was becoming stronger in the European medicine in the late nineteenth-century, Freud dealt not only with the symptomatic description of diseases, but also and specially with the knowledge of their causes. In early 1890 Freud started to find out the neurotic symptoms’ cause, but he was still unable to discover the ultimate background of the pathology. This fact had serious consequences for his theory, since it reminded him that the therapeutic tools used by him could only erase symptoms, but could not stop definitely the illness. On the other hand, on the same decade, on many occasions Freud referred to heredity as the possible cause of the neurotic disorders he was studying. Based on the analysis of some Freud’s articles never translated into Spanish, the most important goal of this paper is to show that the creation of the 1896 traumatic theory (or seduction theory) was primarily the outcome of an intellectual journey characterized by the desire to find the ultimate or predisposing cause of neurosis
The purpose of this paper is to show how Sigmund Freud, during the first period of his career (1886-1896), became interested in the etiology of mental illnesses. Continuing a trend that was becoming stronger in the European medicine in the late nineteenth-century, Freud dealt not only with the symptomatic description of diseases, but also and specially with the knowledge of their causes. In early 1890 Freud started to find out the neurotic symptoms’ cause, but he was still unable to discover the ultimate background of the pathology. This fact had serious consequences for his theory, since it reminded him that the therapeutic tools used by him could only erase symptoms, but could not stop definitely the illness. On the other hand, on the same decade, on many occasions Freud referred to heredity as the possible cause of the neurotic disorders he was studying. Based on the analysis of some Freud’s articles never translated into Spanish, the most important goal of this paper is to show that the creation of the 1896 traumatic theory (or seduction theory) was primarily the outcome of an intellectual journey characterized by the desire to find the ultimate or predisposing cause of neurosis
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