Estudio de la actividad antifúngica de materiales conteniendo carbón proveniente de pilas en desuso
; Sambeth, Jorge Enrique
; Vazquez, Patricia Graciela 
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Fecha
2018-03-19
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Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro
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Matéria
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1517-7076
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La gran cantidad de pilas que se descartan y el impacto ambiental que la inadecuada disposición de los residuos de las mismas produce impulsó a su reciclado. Tanto las pilas alcalinas como las de cinc-carbón tienen como componentes principales cinc y carbón mezclado con otros óxidos, en su relleno interno. En este trabajo se realizó la síntesis de sílice a través del método sol-gel a partir del precursor tetraetilortosilicato y del catalizador hidróxido de amonio, incorporando carbón proveniente del reciclado de las pilas en desuso en 0,1, 1,0 y 10,0 C % (p/p), respectivamente. Este soporte fue funcionalizado con el 3-
aminopropiltrietoxisilano, con una relación 1:1 y, posteriormente, fue impregnado mediante la técnica de humedad incipiente con nitrato de plata, dando como resultado 1 y 2 Ag % (p/v) adsorbido. Estos sólidos se caracterizaron mediante las técnicas de SBET, DRX, titulación potenciométrica, SEM-EDX y TEM. Se evaluó
la actividad antifúngica de los sólidos obtenidos frente a los hongos Chaetomium globosum, Aspergillus sp. y Cladosporium sp., mediante el test de inhibición en placa. Los mejores resultados obtenidos mostraron un grado de inhibición cercano al 100% frente a Cladosporium sp. con ambas concentraciones de Ag. En una siguiente etapa se realizarán modificaciones en la síntesis del material silíceo para aumentar su efectividad como antifúngico.
The large number of batteries that are discarded and the environmental impact that the inadequate disposition of the waste of the same produces impelled to its recycling. Both alkaline and zinc-carbon batteries have as their main components zinc and carbon mixed with other oxides, in their internal fill. In this work, the silica synthesis was carried out using the sol-gel method from the tetraethylorthosilicate precursor and the ammonium hydroxide catalyst, carbon from the recycling of disused batteries was added in 0.1, 1.0 and 10.0 C % (w/w), respectively. This support was functionalized by 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane in a 1: 1 ratio and subsequently it was impregnated by the incipient wetness with silver nitrate, resulting in 1 and 2% Ag (w/v) adsorbed. These solids were characterized by SBET, DRX, potentiometric titration, SEM-EDX and TEM techniques. The antifungal activity of the solids was assessed against the fungi Chaetomium globosum, Aspergillus sp. and Cladosporium sp. by plaque inhibition test. The best results obtained showed a degree of inhibition close to 100% against Cladosporium sp. with samples impregnated at both Ag concentrations. In a next stage modifications will be made in the synthesis of the siliceous material to increase its antifungal effectiveness.
The large number of batteries that are discarded and the environmental impact that the inadequate disposition of the waste of the same produces impelled to its recycling. Both alkaline and zinc-carbon batteries have as their main components zinc and carbon mixed with other oxides, in their internal fill. In this work, the silica synthesis was carried out using the sol-gel method from the tetraethylorthosilicate precursor and the ammonium hydroxide catalyst, carbon from the recycling of disused batteries was added in 0.1, 1.0 and 10.0 C % (w/w), respectively. This support was functionalized by 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane in a 1: 1 ratio and subsequently it was impregnated by the incipient wetness with silver nitrate, resulting in 1 and 2% Ag (w/v) adsorbed. These solids were characterized by SBET, DRX, potentiometric titration, SEM-EDX and TEM techniques. The antifungal activity of the solids was assessed against the fungi Chaetomium globosum, Aspergillus sp. and Cladosporium sp. by plaque inhibition test. The best results obtained showed a degree of inhibition close to 100% against Cladosporium sp. with samples impregnated at both Ag concentrations. In a next stage modifications will be made in the synthesis of the siliceous material to increase its antifungal effectiveness.
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