Talla materna como condicionante del peso y tamaño de nacimiento en recién nacidos de Salta Capital: 2002-2011
; Contreras, Nelly Beatriz ; Singh, Verónica Cristina ; Goyechea, Julieta Soledad ; Zimmer Sarmiento, Maria del Carmen Otros responsables
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12/2021
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Universidad del País Vasco
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Antropo
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1578-2603
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El peso y tamaño del recién nacido son indicadores reconocidos de salud fetal y del neonato a nivel individual y poblacional. Se indica a la talla materna como un factor que influye en el peso al nacer. Este trabajo se propone como objetivo determinar la relación entre talla materna con el peso y tamaño en recién nacidos de más de 37 semanas gestacionales, a partir de una muestra de 40001 mujeres mayores de 20 años provista por el Hospital Público Materno Infantil de Salta Capital (2002 a 2011). Para determinación de tamaño al nacimiento se emplearon estándares del Proyecto INTERGROWTH-21st. Se aplicaron pruebas y U de Mann-Whitney (NC 95%). Un 13,9% presentó baja talla materna, con promedios inferiores al percentil 3 de referencias nacionales. El 72,5% de los neonatos nacieron con peso adecuado, un 3,1% con bajo peso. El 80,9% fueron adecuados para la edad gestacional, 6,4% pequeños para la edad gestacional (PEG). Se encontró asociación entre talla materna y peso de nacimiento, observándose mayores porcentajes de bajo peso y peso insuficiente en mujeres con talla baja. La relación entre tamaño al nacer y estatura de la madre también fue significativa, siendo más frecuentes los niños PEG en mujeres con menos de 150 cm. Siendo la talla materna un factor de riesgo no modificable, resultado de condiciones genéticas, o de un pasado nutricional desfavorable de la mujer, y que puede influir en el crecimiento intrauterino, se considera que debe vigilarse durante todo el ciclo vital de la mujer y no solo considerarse durante el embarazo.
Weight and size at birth are well known indicators of fetal and newborn health, in individuals and populations. Maternal height is a factor that influences birth weight. The objective of this study is to establish a relation between maternal height with weight and size at birth of infants were born with 37 weeks of gestation or more, in a sample of 40001 women older than 20 years old provided by Hospital Público Materno Infantil of Salta (2002 – 2011). The INTERGROWTH-21st Standards were applied to evaluate birth size. The 𝜒𝜒2 and the Mann-Whitney U Test were applied. 13.9% presented short maternal height, with lower means than 3rd percentile of national references. 72.5% of infants were born with a normal weight, and 3.1% with Low Birth Weight (LBW). 80.9% were born Appropriate for Gestational Age, and 6,4 Small for Gestational Age (SGA). An association was found between maternal height and birth weight, observing greater proportions of LBW and insufficient weight at birth in women with Short Maternal Height. The relationship between birth size and maternal height were also significant; higher proportions of SGA were found in mothers with heights lower than 150cm. Maternal height is a non-modifiable risk factor which results from genetic conditions or malnutrition background, and it might influence intrauterine growth. Therefore, this anthropometric measure should be monitored through the whole women life cycle, and not only during pregnancy.
Weight and size at birth are well known indicators of fetal and newborn health, in individuals and populations. Maternal height is a factor that influences birth weight. The objective of this study is to establish a relation between maternal height with weight and size at birth of infants were born with 37 weeks of gestation or more, in a sample of 40001 women older than 20 years old provided by Hospital Público Materno Infantil of Salta (2002 – 2011). The INTERGROWTH-21st Standards were applied to evaluate birth size. The 𝜒𝜒2 and the Mann-Whitney U Test were applied. 13.9% presented short maternal height, with lower means than 3rd percentile of national references. 72.5% of infants were born with a normal weight, and 3.1% with Low Birth Weight (LBW). 80.9% were born Appropriate for Gestational Age, and 6,4 Small for Gestational Age (SGA). An association was found between maternal height and birth weight, observing greater proportions of LBW and insufficient weight at birth in women with Short Maternal Height. The relationship between birth size and maternal height were also significant; higher proportions of SGA were found in mothers with heights lower than 150cm. Maternal height is a non-modifiable risk factor which results from genetic conditions or malnutrition background, and it might influence intrauterine growth. Therefore, this anthropometric measure should be monitored through the whole women life cycle, and not only during pregnancy.
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