Nanotechnology-based approaches for wound healing and tissue regeneration

Abstract

This chapter begins by exploring the characteristics and functions of healthy skin, then delves into the pathogenesis of superficial and deep injuries. It highlights the cell types involved in tissue damage and repair, including inflammation, cellular proliferation, and re-epithelialization. Additionally, it summarizes classic and current technologies used in the clinic for wound healing and tissue regeneration. The biomaterials that compose the skin, such as collagen, elastin, keratin, and hyaluronic acid, are analyzed for their role in maintaining structural integrity, elasticity, hydration, and barrier function. The advantages and disadvantages of these biopolymers and synthetic polymers are evaluated for their use as biocompatible and biodegradable materials in the production of nanoparticles, with particular emphasis on nanofibers, for potential wound treatments and tissue regeneration. Finally, the chapter details the techniques for the production, functionalization, and characterization of these nanostructures, providing a comprehensive overview of their potential in biomedical applications.