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Artículo

Genomic Evolution of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Variant in Córdoba, Argentina (2021–2022): Analysis of Uncommon and Prevalent Spike Mutations

Olivero, Nadia BelénIcon ; Zappia, Victoria Eugenia; Gargantini, Pablo RubenIcon ; Human Gonzalez, Candela; Raya Plasencia, Luciana; Marquez, Judith; Ortiz Batsche, Lucia; Hernandez Morfa, MirelysIcon ; Cortes, Paulo; Ceschin, Danilo GuillermoIcon ; Núñez Fernandez, Mariana; Perez, Daniel R.; Echenique, Jose RicardoIcon
Fecha de publicación: 12/2024
Editorial: MDPI
Revista: Viruses
ISSN: 1999-4915
Idioma: Inglés
Tipo de recurso: Artículo publicado
Clasificación temática:
Virología

Resumen

Understanding the evolutionary patterns and geographic spread of SARS-CoV-2 variants, particularly Omicron, is essential for effective public health responses. This study focused on the genomic analysis of the Omicron variant in Cordoba, Argentina from 2021 to 2022. Phylogenetic analysis revealed the dominant presence of BA.1 and BA.2 lineages, with BA.5 emerging earlier than BA.4, aligning with observations from other regions. Haplotype network analysis showed significant genetic divergence within Omicron samples, forming distinct clusters. In comparison to global datasets, we identified mutations in the Omicron genomes (A27S, Y145D, and L212I) situated within the NTD region of the Spike protein. These mutations, while not widespread globally, showed higher prevalence in our region. Of particular interest were the Y145D and L212I substitutions, previously unreported in Argentina. In silico analysis revealed that both mutations impact the binding affinity of T-cell epitopes to HLA type I and II alleles. Notably, these alleles are among the most common in the Argentinian population, with some associated with protection against and others with susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection. These findings strongly suggest that these prevalent mutations likely influence the immunogenicity of the Spike protein and contribute to immune evasion mechanisms. This study provides valuable insights into the genomic dynamics of the Omicron variant in Cordoba, Argentina and highlights unique mutations with potential implications for COVID-19 vaccines.
Palabras clave: SARS-CoV-2 , Omicron , HLA alleles , T-cell epitopes , Cordoba , Argentina , epidemiology , COVID-19
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info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess Excepto donde se diga explícitamente, este item se publica bajo la siguiente descripción: Creative Commons Attribution 2.5 Unported (CC BY 2.5)
Identificadores
URI: http://hdl.handle.net/11336/251981
URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/16/12/1877
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v16121877
Colecciones
Articulos(CIBICI)
Articulos de CENTRO DE INV.EN BIOQUI.CLINICA E INMUNOLOGIA
Articulos(SEDE CENTRAL)
Articulos de SEDE CENTRAL
Citación
Olivero, Nadia Belén; Zappia, Victoria Eugenia; Gargantini, Pablo Ruben; Human Gonzalez, Candela; Raya Plasencia, Luciana; et al.; Genomic Evolution of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Variant in Córdoba, Argentina (2021–2022): Analysis of Uncommon and Prevalent Spike Mutations; MDPI; Viruses; 16; 12; 12-2024; 1-18
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