Feminización de la pobreza en América Latina

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Fecha
12/2022
Editorial
Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe. Centro Latinoamericano y Caribeño de Demografía. División de Población
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Notas de Población
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ISSN
0303-1829
eISSN
1681-0333
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Español
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Resumen
Este documento persigue tres objetivos: i) estimar la brecha de pobreza por género de 17 países de América Latina, antes de la pandemia de enfermedad por coronavirus (COVID-19) y compararla con la registrada una década antes; ii) ajustar la brecha, controlando por unidad de análisis y características sociodemográficas diversas, y iii) analizar los factores asociados a la disparidad encontrada. Los resultados muestran que la brecha de pobreza por género existe y es desfavorable a las mujeres. Asimismo, la disparidad de tasas de pobreza por género disminuyó a lo largo de la década, con cierta independencia de los factores sistemáticamente asociados a la pobreza: edad, nivel educativo y demanda de cuidados, entre otros. Esos factores explican alrededor de la mitad del cambio ocurrido entre principio y fin de la década de 2010. Esta proporción es mayor para la población masculina que para la femenina. Los resultados son importantes para discutir políticas y programas orientados a reducir la pobreza y promover la equidad de género.
This paper has three aims: (i) to estimate the poverty gap by gender in 17 Latin American countries before the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic and compare it with that recorded a decade earlier; (ii) to adjust the gap, controlling for the statistical units and different sociodemographic characteristics; and (iii) to analyse the factors associated with the disparity found. The results show that a gender poverty gap exists, to the detriment of women. The disparity in poverty rates by gender declined over the decade studied, to some degree independently of the factors systematically linked to poverty, such as age, schooling and demand for care. These factors explain around half of the change that occurred over the course of the 2010s. This proportion is higher for the male population than for the female population. The results are important contributions to discussion of policies and programmes to reduce poverty and promote gender equity.
This paper has three aims: (i) to estimate the poverty gap by gender in 17 Latin American countries before the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic and compare it with that recorded a decade earlier; (ii) to adjust the gap, controlling for the statistical units and different sociodemographic characteristics; and (iii) to analyse the factors associated with the disparity found. The results show that a gender poverty gap exists, to the detriment of women. The disparity in poverty rates by gender declined over the decade studied, to some degree independently of the factors systematically linked to poverty, such as age, schooling and demand for care. These factors explain around half of the change that occurred over the course of the 2010s. This proportion is higher for the male population than for the female population. The results are important contributions to discussion of policies and programmes to reduce poverty and promote gender equity.
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