Fungal Nanotechnology: A New Approach Toward Efficient Biotechnology Application

Abstract

Nanotechnology is a wide developing area of the biotechnology since the important applications of nanoparticles (NPs) in different technologies. The NPs produced by green technologies have many advantages such as greater surface area, high catalytic activity, in addition to providing a suitable contact between the metal salt and enzyme. Fungi secrete proteins, enzymes and reducing agents which can be used for the synthesis of metal NPs from metal salts. The biosynthesis of metal NPs by fungi has been explored in recent years, evaluating the extracellular and intracellular chemistry of formation. Emphasis has been given to the potential of metal NPs as an antimicrobial agent to inhibit the growth of pathogenic bacteria and fungi and other potential applications such as their cytotoxic activity against cancer cell lines. Further, the metal NPs are being explored as promising candidates for several biomedical, pharmaceutical, and agricultural applications.