Superparamagnetic nanocomposites obtained by dispersion of ultrafine magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles in poly(3-hydroxybutyrate)

Abstract

Superparamagnetic nanocomposites were obtained by dispersion of oleic acidcoated magnetic ultrafine iron oxide nanoparticles (NPs) in poly(hydroxybutyrate) (PHB), a semicrystalline, biodegradable and biocompatible polymer. Film nanocomposites displayed an optically homogeneous structure formed by sub-micrometric clusters created by a strong NPs segregation that occurred during solvent evaporation and polymer crystallization. Number and size of clusters increased with the concentration of NPs producing a controlled shift in the blocking temperature but hardly affecting PHB crystallinity and melting temperature. The presence of NPs decreased the elastic modulus of PHB and slightly reduced its hardness, leading to materials with improved resistance to permanent damage. This softening effect was attributed to the oleic acid shell covering the iron oxide core of the NPs. The present results shed some light on the mechanisms controlling morphology of semicrystalline-based nanocomposites modified with ultrafine NPs, opening interesting possibilities for the design of materials with controlled functional properties.