Brown Howler Monkey: Alouatta guariba (Humboldt, 1812). Argentina, Brazil (2012, 2014, 2016, 2018, 2022)

Abstract

Alouatta guariba is endemic to the Atlantic Forest in eastern Brazil and northeastern Argentina. In the south, its range is limited by the Camaquã river basin in the state of Rio Grande do Sul and, in the past, to the north by the Rio Paraguaçu in the state of Bahia . The western boundary is marked by the limits of the Atlantic Forest. In Argentina, the species only occurs in the province of Misiones, while in Brazil it is present in the states of Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina, Paraná, São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro, Minas Gerais, Espírito Santo, and Bahia. Although somewhat uncertain, there are currently two subspecies recognized: the Southern Brown Howler, A. guariba clamitans Cabrera, 1940, and the Northern Brown Howler, Alouatta g. guariba, north of the rios Jequitinhonha or Doce.