Azospirillum and its influence on efficient nutrient acquisition by plants: a model beyond phytohormones

Abstract

This chapter examines the history and origins of the genus Azospirillum, which is one of themost commonly used species for inoculant production. Its history and general characteristicswill be analyzed, such as its rhizospheric lifestyle and the mechanisms by which it is able tocolonize roots. The key processes that promote plant growth, mainly at the root level, will beexplored, including nitrogen fixation and the production of phytohormones by Azospirillum.Special analysis will be made about the participation of other signaling pathways ormolecules involved, showing how Azospirillum facilitates the acquisition of water andnutrients by changes in root morphology. This chapter also analyzes the importance of usingcoinoculation strategies that involve Azospirillum, highlighting its impact on nutrientacquisition in legumes. This chapter concludes with an analysis of the use of Azospirillumas a biological alternative to promote environmentally sustainable agricultural practices.