Decoupling fossil trackways from trackmaker identity in locomotion studies

Abstract

This paper presents a novel Trackway Evidence-Based Approach, focusing on the directevidence provided by fossil trackways to infer postures, movements, and behaviors of extincttetrapods. Traditional methods link fossilized footprints with specific skeletal reconstructions,yet this approach can introduce biases if the assumed trackmaker’s identity is incorrect. Bydecoupling trackways from trackmaker assumptions, we propose a framework for analyzinglocomotion independently, using morphometric and dynamic parameters derived solely fromtrackways. Current analytical tools allow for estimation of key parameters like trunk length,hip height, body mass, and foot posture directly from trackway evidence. Supported by acollaborative research program, we are also testing experimental approaches to validate theseparameters and deepen our understanding of trackway morphology. Additionally, simplifiedgait simulations provide an efficient means to explore extinct animal biomechanics withoutthe extensive demands of full-body musculoskeletal modelling. This approach aims to refinehypotheses on evolutionary trends in locomotion and posture, offering a valuable newperspective for paleobiologic reconstructions.