Impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection on female fertility

Abstract

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a serious disease mediated by severe infection with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The virus gains access to host cells via attachment to the ACE-2 receptor, thereby adversely affecting the cardiovascular, respiratory, digestive and reproductive systems. As a potential target, the female reproductive system is at high risk from SARS-CoV-2 infection. Therefore, female fertility and related reproductive healthcare in the era of COVID-19 requires more attention. This chapter summarizes the impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection on the female reproductive system and discusses the impact of the COVID-19 crisis on female fertility. COVID-19 affects ovarian function and interferes with assisted reproductive technology procedures. Moreover, the available data does not indicate that existing SARS-CoV-2 vaccines have an effect on female fertility. In conclusion, prospective long-term and mechanistic studies are required to elucidate the potential effects of COVID-19 on female reproductive health and to use these findings as potential new therapeutic approaches in the clinic.