Connectivity in the Social-Ecological Context and Nature’s Contribution to People

Abstract

This chapter examines the concept of forest connectivity in a globalized world,emphasizing its significance for maintaining biodiversity and ecosystem func-tioning as well as for human–environment relationships. From an ecological per-spective, forest connectivity encompasses both structural and functional aspectsand extends beyond habitat quantity and continuity. Structural connectivityfocuses on the physical arrangement of landscape elements, while functionalconnectivity emphasizes the role of different species in promoting connectivityand biodiversity as well as enhancing resilience. But human–environment rela-tionships also include a broader social-ecological context for multifunctionalforest landscape analysis in that the impact of human activities can be as signifi-cant as ecological disturbances in shaping future forest resources. Conservingspecies and ecosystem services requires understanding the interactions betweensocial and ecological systems. The Nature’s Contribution to People frameworkrecognizes the role of human societies, cultural beliefs, and practices in shapingtheir relationship with nature. Ecosystem services are explored along with theirprovision and interactions, identifying synergies and trade-offs. This chapteranalyses the concept of forest connectivity in its ecological terms while simulta-neously attempting to broaden its meaning to include its socio-cultural aspects aswell. This integrated approach acknowledges that the well-being of people andthe health of ecosystems are intricately connected, and both must be consideredin decision-making processes.