Metal-organic frameworks: An overview of a possible solution for modern agriculture

Abstract

Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs) have emerged as promising materials for addressing modern agricultural challenges due to their exceptional porosity, high surface area, and chemical versatility. These crystalline frameworks enable the controlled release of agrochemicals, such as fertilizers, pesticides, and herbicides, improving resource efficiency and reducing environmental contamination. MOFs also exhibit multifunctionality, including water retention, pollutant remediation, and soil monitoring, offering solutions to issues like nutrient leaching, water scarcity, and pest resistance. ni Moreover, MOFs have been used as platform for biomolecules immobilization in the development of biosensors applied to agricultural area. Despite their transformative potential, challenges related to cost, scalability, and regulatory frameworks remain significant barriers to widespread adoption. This review explores the properties, applications, and limitations of MOFs in agriculture, emphasizing their role in advancing sustainable farming practices and highlighting perspectives for their integration into precision agriculture.