Brucella

Abstract

This chapter presents key elements required to understand the host-pathogen relationship in human brucellosis. It starts by describing the expanding number of Brucella species, pointing out which are the most clinically relevant ones. Then, key bacteriological and molecular features of Brucella are presented. The modes of transmission to humans and the epidemiological situation of human brucellosis are then described. Several aspects important to understand the pathogenic potential of Brucella are presented, including its intracellular lifestyle, its immune evasion mechanisms, and its ability to produce low grade but long standing inflammatory phenomena. The main clinical manifestations of human brucellosis are described. Finally, the diagnostic methods and the recommened antimicrobial therapies for human brucellosis are discussed.