Biological Control of Fruit Flies with Emphasis on Microbial Control

Abstract

The damage caused by fruit fies can occur directly through egg layingand larval development, which opens the door to secondary pathogens in the fruitdue to the holes in the posture. The use of synthetic insecticides in orchards hasaroused great concern due to market demands and environmental impacts since theypresent high toxicity, a long withdrawal period, and reduced selectivity to naturalenemies. Given the change in the consumer profle of foods free of pesticide residues, this chapter aims to present the current state of biological control of fruit fiesand to show the perspectives of using bacteria, fungi, and nematodes in controllingthis pest.