Ion–Fluid Transport-Control Feedback along Nanopore Networks

Abstract

Biological signaling correlates with the interrelation between ion and nanofluidic transportation pathways. However, artificial embodies with reconfigurable ion−fluid transport interaction aspects remain largely elusive. Herein, we unveiled an intimate interplay between nanopore-driven dvancing flow and ion carriage for the spontaneous imbibition of aqueous solutions at the nanoporous thin film level. Ionic factors dominate transport phenomena processing and integration (ions influence fluid motion, which in turn governs the self-regulated ion traveling). We show an ion-induced translation effect that finely converts a chemical input, the nature of ions, into a related fluidic output: modulation of the extent of imbibition. We further find complex imbibition dynamics induced by the ion type and population. We peculiarly pinpoint a stop-and-go effective transport process with a programmable delay time triggered by selective guest−host interactions. The ion−fluid transport interplay is captured by a simple model that considers the counterbalance between the capillary infiltration and solution concentration, owing to water loss at the nanoporous film−air interface. Our results demonstrate that nanopore networks present fresh scenarios for understanding and controlling autonomous macroscopic liquid locomotion and offer a distinctive working principle for smart ion operation.