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dc.contributor.author
Germano, Guadalupe  
dc.contributor.author
Brenlla, María Elena  
dc.date.available
2023-12-11T14:06:45Z  
dc.date.issued
2023-02  
dc.identifier.citation
Germano, Guadalupe; Brenlla, María Elena; Influencia del tiempo psicológico y el autocontrol en el malestar psicológico en adultos argentinos; Centro Interdisciplinario de Investigaciones en Psicología Matemática y Experimental; Interdisciplinaria; 40; 2; 2-2023; 461-477  
dc.identifier.issn
0325-8203  
dc.identifier.uri
http://hdl.handle.net/11336/219786  
dc.description.abstract
El objetivo de este estudio fue conocer si la temporalidad subjetiva –perspectiva y foco temporales– y la capacidad de autocontrol e impulsividad repercuten en el malestar psicológico, en particular durante la pandemia por COVID-19. La conjetura teórica es que el tiempo psicológico está estrechamente vinculado a la autorregulación, que influye en el desarrollo de la impulsividad y el autocontrol e impacta en el malestar psicológico. Se diseñó un modelo y se realizó un estudio empírico cuantitativo, no experimental y transversal (N = 279; 78 % mujeres; ME = 30.14 años; DE = 11.21). Los resultados del análisis de correlación mostraron relaciones significativas entre las variables de interés. Para determinar las variables predictoras del malestar psicológico se realizó un análisis de regresión lineal múltiple. El 48 % de la varianza del malestar psicológico fue explicado por el pasado negativo, autocontrol e impulsividad, y focos temporales futuro y presente. Finalmente, se probó el modelo teórico diseñado para analizar los efectos directos e indirectos del malestar psicológico a través de un análisis de senderos que presentó un buen ajuste a los datos, ya que explicó el 50 % de la varianza de aquel. La perspectiva y el foco temporal explicaron el 53 % de la variabilidad del autocontrol, y presentaron efectos indirectos sobre el malestar psicológico a través del autocontrol. El autocontrol influyó de manera inversa en el malestar. Los hallazgos indican que el tiempo subjetivo y el autocontrol sirven para explicar estados psicológicos, incluso en pandemia, lo cual confirma estudios previos que muestran la importancia de las variables de personalidad –además de las biológicas y contextuales– en la aparición de malestar psicológico.  
dc.description.abstract
Psychological time is an essential aspect of humans. Two of the most important notions of subjective temporality are time perspective and temporal focus. Time perspective is a process by which the flow of personal and social experiences are framed in five different temporal categories: past negative, past positive, present hedonistic, present fatalistic and future. Temporal focus refers to the attention people devote to thinking about the past, present, and future. Previous research shows there is a strong relation between psychological time and self-regulatory processes, specifically self-control and impulsivity. Self-control is the ability to inhibit impulsive behaviors or reactions that can keep the person from pursuing the proposed goals. On the other hand, impulsivity refers to a short attention span and a tendency to engage in risky behaviors, and to prefer immediate rewards. Both subjective temporality and self-regulatory processes influence behaviors and psychological states such as psychological distress. In particular, the objective of this study was to find out if subjective temporality –time perspective and temporal focus-- and self-control and impulsivity have repercussions on psychological distress, particularly during the COVID-19 pandemic, in an Argentinian sample. The theoretical conjecture is that subjective temporality is closely linked to self-regulation, which influences the development of impulsivity and self-control, and impacts psychological distress. A quantitative, non-experimental, and cross-sectional empirical study was carried out (N = 279; 78 % women; ME = 30.14 years old; SD = 11.21). Firstly, the results of the correlational analysis showed significant relations between the variables. Then, to facilitate further analyses, an index variable of self-control was created, which included the scores of self-control and three dimensions of impulsivity. An optimal parallel analysis was performed. It indicated the existence of a single dimension. Then a semi-confirmatory factor analysis was ran, which showed acceptable results (KMO = .68; X2 (6) = 198.8, p < .001; GFI = .99; RMSR = 0.03). Thirdly, to determine the predictive variables of psychological distress, a multiple linear regression analysis was performed. It was found that 48 % of the variance of psychological distress was explained by negative past, self-control index, and future and present temporal focuses (F(4, 266) = 64.66, p < .001, R2 = .49, R2 adjusted = .48). The best predictor variable was past negative. Afterwards, a theoretical model was tested to explain the direct and indirect causes of psychological distress. It presented a good fit (X2 /gl = 1.63; GFI = .99; RMSEA = .04). Time perspective and temporal focus explained 53 % of the variability of self-control and presented indirect effects on psychological distress through self-control. Self-control inversely influenced psychological distress; more self-control generates less psychological distress. The model explained half of the variance of psychological distress (R2 = .50). The findings indicate that subjective temporality and self-control explain psychological states, even during a pandemic, which confirms previous studies that show the importance of personality variables –in addition to biological and contextual variables– in the manifestation of psychological distress. The results support the theory that psychological time can be considered as a personality trait underlying self-control and psychological distress. A theoretical and practical discussion of the results is presented.  
dc.format
application/pdf  
dc.language.iso
spa  
dc.publisher
Centro Interdisciplinario de Investigaciones en Psicología Matemática y Experimental  
dc.rights
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess  
dc.rights.uri
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ar/  
dc.subject
perspectiva temporal  
dc.subject
foco temporal  
dc.subject
autocontrol  
dc.subject
malestar psicológico  
dc.subject.classification
Otras Psicología  
dc.subject.classification
Psicología  
dc.subject.classification
CIENCIAS SOCIALES  
dc.title
Influencia del tiempo psicológico y el autocontrol en el malestar psicológico en adultos argentinos  
dc.title
Influence of psychological time and self-control on psychological distress in Argentinian adults  
dc.type
info:eu-repo/semantics/article  
dc.type
info:ar-repo/semantics/artículo  
dc.type
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion  
dc.date.updated
2023-12-07T17:51:26Z  
dc.identifier.eissn
1668-7027  
dc.journal.volume
40  
dc.journal.number
2  
dc.journal.pagination
461-477  
dc.journal.pais
Argentina  
dc.journal.ciudad
Buenos Aires  
dc.description.fil
Fil: Germano, Guadalupe. Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina "Santa María de los Buenos Aires". Facultad de Psicología y Psicopedagogía. Centro de Investigaciones en Psicología y Psicopedagogía; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina  
dc.description.fil
Fil: Brenlla, María Elena. Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina "Santa María de los Buenos Aires". Facultad de Psicología y Psicopedagogía. Centro de Investigaciones en Psicología y Psicopedagogía; Argentina  
dc.journal.title
Interdisciplinaria  
dc.relation.alternativeid
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/url/http://www.ciipme-conicet.gov.ar/ojs/index.php?journal=interdisciplinaria&page=article&op=view&path[]=1063  
dc.relation.alternativeid
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/http://dx.doi.org/10.16888/interd.2023.40.2.27