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dc.contributor.author
Carabias, Diego
dc.contributor.author
Ciarlo, Nicolás Carlos
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dc.contributor.author
Araya, Carolina
dc.contributor.author
Morales, Carla
dc.contributor.author
Gutiérrez, Felipe
dc.date.available
2023-12-11T13:01:35Z
dc.date.issued
2023-02
dc.identifier.citation
Carabias, Diego; Ciarlo, Nicolás Carlos; Araya, Carolina; Morales, Carla; Gutiérrez, Felipe; Ballasting a Mid-19th Century Chilean Navy Armed Transport: Archaeometallurgical Insights into Cast Iron Ingots Recovered from the Barque Infatigable (1855); Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute; Heritage; 6; 2; 2-2023; 2126-2151
dc.identifier.uri
http://hdl.handle.net/11336/219766
dc.description.abstract
Ballast is essential for vessels to lower their centre of gravity, improve stability, and ease their motion during sailing. During the modern period, heavy materials used for ballasting ships were an issue of particular concern for both authorities and ship owners, subjected to increasing control, regulation, and standardisation. These items represent a very common find in wreck sites and deserve special attention, as their characteristics, distribution, and provenance can deliver critical information for assessing where the vessel was ballasted, sailing routes, ship tonnage, and site formation processes. This article is centred on pig iron ingots, introduced in the early 18th century in sailing warships and shortly thereafter in sizeable merchant vessels, a type of ballast which is frequently overlooked in archaeological research. In particular, specimens retrieved from the Chilean Navy armed transport Infatigable (1855) were analysed through macroscopic and physicochemical characterisation using LM, SEM-EDS, WD-XRF, and IGF. The results obtained indicate the ingots were manufactured with cast iron of different quality, suggesting they may have come from different production centres. The investigation resulted in a better understanding of ballasting practices on a South American navy ship in the early post-independence period and provided new data for discussions of off-site and non-nautical technological issues, such as the materials, knowledge, and techniques associated with the production of pig iron in the mid-19th century.
dc.format
application/pdf
dc.language.iso
eng
dc.publisher
Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
dc.rights
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.rights.uri
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5/ar/
dc.subject
ARMED TRANSPORT
dc.subject
BALLAST
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CHILEAN NAVY
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METALLURGY
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NAUTICAL ARCHAEOLOGY
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PIG IRON
dc.subject.classification
Arqueología
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dc.subject.classification
Historia y Arqueología
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dc.subject.classification
HUMANIDADES
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dc.title
Ballasting a Mid-19th Century Chilean Navy Armed Transport: Archaeometallurgical Insights into Cast Iron Ingots Recovered from the Barque Infatigable (1855)
dc.type
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
dc.type
info:ar-repo/semantics/artículo
dc.type
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
dc.date.updated
2023-12-07T15:34:49Z
dc.identifier.eissn
2571-9408
dc.journal.volume
6
dc.journal.number
2
dc.journal.pagination
2126-2151
dc.journal.pais
Suiza
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dc.journal.ciudad
Basilea
dc.description.fil
Fil: Carabias, Diego. Millennium Nucleus Ocean, Heritage & Culture; Chile. Arka - Arqueología Marítima; Chile. Centro de Investigación En Arqueología Marítima; Chile
dc.description.fil
Fil: Ciarlo, Nicolás Carlos. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Filosofía y Letras. Instituto de Arqueología; Argentina
dc.description.fil
Fil: Araya, Carolina. Investigadora Independiente; Chile
dc.description.fil
Fil: Morales, Carla. Centro de Investigación En Arqueología Marítima; Chile
dc.description.fil
Fil: Gutiérrez, Felipe. Universidad de Santiago de Chile; Chile
dc.journal.title
Heritage
dc.relation.alternativeid
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/url/https://www.mdpi.com/2571-9408/6/2/114
dc.relation.alternativeid
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/heritage6020114
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