Transcriptional and translational mechanisms contribute to regulate the expression of Discs Large 1 protein during different biological processes

Abstract

Human discs large (DLG1) has been demonstrated to be involved in cell polarity and maintenance of tissue architecture. However, the mechanisms controlling DLG1 expression are not fully understood. This is relevant as DLG1 is lost during the later stages of malignant progression. We initiated a series of studies to analyse the mechanisms regulating DLG1 expression. We have previously reported the identification of an alternative splicing event in the 5 ′ untranslated region (5 ′ -UTR) of DLG1 mRNA that generates transcripts with two different 5 ′ -UTR (short and large 5 ′ -UTR variants). In this study, we further examined the impact of the DLG1 transcription and the role of the differential expression of the alternative 5 ′ -UTRs on DLG1 protein levels. We analysed these mechanisms during cell processes like differentiation, cell cycle progression and cell-cell contact formation, where the importance of DLG1 activities was previously established. The data presented in this report suggest that the transcriptional regulation of DLG1 strongly contributes to DLG1 abundance and that differential expression of alternative 5 ′ -UTRs with different translational properties, also cooperates, depending on the cell type and cell situation. This study provides new evidence for understanding the transcriptional regulation of DLG1 and the changes in DLG1 expression during different biological processes.