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Artículo

Liver enzymes, metabolomics and genome-wide association studies: From systems biology to the personalized medicine.

Sookoian, Silvia CristinaIcon ; Pirola, Carlos JoséIcon
Fecha de publicación: 01/2015
Editorial: Baishideng Publishing Group
Revista: World Journal of Gastroenterology
ISSN: 1007-9327
e-ISSN: 2219-2840
Idioma: Inglés
Tipo de recurso: Artículo publicado
Clasificación temática:
Bioquímica y Biología Molecular; Gastroenterología y Hepatología

Resumen

For several decades, serum levels of alanine (ALT) and aspartate (AST) aminotransferases have been regarded as markers of liver injury, including a wide range of etiologies from viral hepatitis to fatty liver. The increasing worldwide prevalence of metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular disease revealed that transaminases are strong predictors of type 2 diabetes, coronary heart disease, atherothrombotic risk profile, and overall risk of metabolic disease. Therefore, it is plausible to suggest that aminotransferases are surrogate biomarkers of “liver metabolic functioning” beyond the classical concept of liver cellular damage, as their enzymatic activity might actually reflect key aspects of the physiology and pathophysiology of the liver function. In this study, we summarize the background information and recent findings on the biological role of ALT and AST, and review the knowledge gained from the application of genome-wide approaches and “omics” technologies that uncovered new concepts on the role of aminotransferases in human diseases and systemic regulation of metabolic functions. Prediction of biomolecular interactions between the candidate genes recently discovered to be associated with plasma concentrations of liver enzymes showed interesting interconnectivity nodes, which suggest that regulation of aminotransferase activity is a complex and highly regulated trait. Finally, links between aminotransferase genes and metabolites are explored to understand the genetic contributions to the metabolic diversity.
Palabras clave: Liver Aminotransaminases , Alt , Ast , Gwas , Metabolomics , Genetics , Systems Biology , Transaminases , Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver , Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis
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info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess Excepto donde se diga explícitamente, este item se publica bajo la siguiente descripción: Creative Commons Attribution 2.5 Unported (CC BY 2.5)
Identificadores
URI: http://hdl.handle.net/11336/21416
URL: http://www.wjgnet.com/1007-9327/full/v21/i3/711.htm
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v21.i3.711
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Citación
Sookoian, Silvia Cristina; Pirola, Carlos José; Liver enzymes, metabolomics and genome-wide association studies: From systems biology to the personalized medicine.; Baishideng Publishing Group; World Journal of Gastroenterology; 21; 3; 1-2015; 711-725
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