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dc.contributor.author
Zhou, Bin  
dc.contributor.author
Carrillo Larco, Rodrigo M.  
dc.contributor.author
Danaei, Goodarz  
dc.contributor.author
Riley, Leanne M.  
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Paciorek, Christopher J.  
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Stevens, Gretchen A.  
dc.contributor.author
Gregg, Edward W.  
dc.contributor.author
Bennett, James E.  
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Solomon, Bethlehem  
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Singleton, Rosie K.  
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Sophiea, Marisa K.  
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Iurilli, Maria LC  
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Lhoste, Victor PF  
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Cowan, Melanie J.  
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Savin, Stefan  
dc.contributor.author
Woodward, Mark  
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Balanova, Yulia  
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Cifkova, Renata  
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Damasceno, Albertino  
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Elliott, Paul  
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Farzadfar, Farshad  
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He, Jiang  
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Ikeda, Nayu  
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Kengne, Andre P.  
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Khang, Young Ho  
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Chang Kim, Hyeon  
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Laxmaiah, Avula  
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Lin, Hsien Ho  
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Margozzini Maira, Paula  
dc.contributor.author
Rubinstein, Adolfo Luis  
dc.date.available
2023-09-22T11:46:04Z  
dc.date.issued
2021-09  
dc.identifier.citation
Zhou, Bin; Carrillo Larco, Rodrigo M.; Danaei, Goodarz; Riley, Leanne M.; Paciorek, Christopher J.; et al.; Worldwide trends in hypertension prevalence and progress in treatment and control from 1990 to 2019 a pooled analysis of 1201 population-representative studies with 104 million participants; Elsevier Science Inc.; Lancet; 398; 10304; 9-2021; 957-980  
dc.identifier.issn
0140-6736  
dc.identifier.uri
http://hdl.handle.net/11336/212637  
dc.description.abstract
BACKGROUND: Hypertension can be detected at the primary health-care level and low-cost treatments can effectively control hypertension. We aimed to measure the prevalence of hypertension and progress in its detection, treatment, and control from 1990 to 2019 for 200 countries and territories. METHODS: We used data from 1990 to 2019 on people aged 30-79 years from population-representative studies with measurement of blood pressure and data on blood pressure treatment. We defined hypertension as having systolic blood pressure 140 mm Hg or greater, diastolic blood pressure 90 mm Hg or greater, or taking medication for hypertension. We applied a Bayesian hierarchical model to estimate the prevalence of hypertension and the proportion of people with hypertension who had a previous diagnosis (detection), who were taking medication for hypertension (treatment), and whose hypertension was controlled to below 140/90 mm Hg (control). The model allowed for trends over time to be non-linear and to vary by age. FINDINGS: The number of people aged 30-79 years with hypertension doubled from 1990 to 2019, from 331 (95% credible interval 306-359) million women and 317 (292-344) million men in 1990 to 626 (584-668) million women and 652 (604-698) million men in 2019, despite stable global age-standardised prevalence. In 2019, age-standardised hypertension prevalence was lowest in Canada and Peru for both men and women; in Taiwan, South Korea, Japan, and some countries in western Europe including Switzerland, Spain, and the UK for women; and in several low-income and middle-income countries such as Eritrea, Bangladesh, Ethiopia, and Solomon Islands for men. Hypertension prevalence surpassed 50% for women in two countries and men in nine countries, in central and eastern Europe, central Asia, Oceania, and Latin America. Globally, 59% (55-62) of women and 49% (46-52) of men with hypertension reported a previous diagnosis of hypertension in 2019, and 47% (43-51) of women and 38% (35-41) of men were treated. Control rates among people with hypertension in 2019 were 23% (20-27) for women and 18% (16-21) for men. In 2019, treatment and control rates were highest in South Korea, Canada, and Iceland (treatment >70%; control >50%), followed by the USA, Costa Rica, Germany, Portugal, and Taiwan. Treatment rates were less than 25% for women and less than 20% for men in Nepal, Indonesia, and some countries in sub-Saharan Africa and Oceania. Control rates were below 10% for women and men in these countries and for men in some countries in north Africa, central and south Asia, and eastern Europe. Treatment and control rates have improved in most countries since 1990, but we found little change in most countries in sub-Saharan Africa and Oceania. Improvements were largest in high-income countries, central Europe, and some upper-middle-income and recently high-income countries including Costa Rica, Taiwan, Kazakhstan, South Africa, Brazil, Chile, Turkey, and Iran. INTERPRETATION: Improvements in the detection, treatment, and control of hypertension have varied substantially across countries, with some middle-income countries now outperforming most high-income nations. The dual approach of reducing hypertension prevalence through primary prevention and enhancing its treatment and control is achievable not only in high-income countries but also in low-income and middle-income settings. FUNDING: WHO.  
dc.format
application/pdf  
dc.language.iso
eng  
dc.publisher
Elsevier Science Inc.  
dc.rights
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess  
dc.rights.uri
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5/ar/  
dc.subject
Global Health  
dc.subject
Antihypertensive Agents  
dc.subject
Hypertension  
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Prevalence  
dc.subject.classification
Otras Ciencias de la Salud  
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Ciencias de la Salud  
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CIENCIAS MÉDICAS Y DE LA SALUD  
dc.title
Worldwide trends in hypertension prevalence and progress in treatment and control from 1990 to 2019 a pooled analysis of 1201 population-representative studies with 104 million participants  
dc.type
info:eu-repo/semantics/article  
dc.type
info:ar-repo/semantics/artículo  
dc.type
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion  
dc.date.updated
2023-09-18T13:38:59Z  
dc.journal.volume
398  
dc.journal.number
10304  
dc.journal.pagination
957-980  
dc.journal.pais
Países Bajos  
dc.journal.ciudad
Amsterdam  
dc.description.fil
Fil: Zhou, Bin. Imperial College London; Reino Unido  
dc.description.fil
Fil: Carrillo Larco, Rodrigo M.. Imperial College London; Reino Unido  
dc.description.fil
Fil: Danaei, Goodarz. Harvard Medical School; Estados Unidos  
dc.description.fil
Fil: Riley, Leanne M.. WHO; Suiza  
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Fil: Paciorek, Christopher J.. University of California; Estados Unidos  
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Fil: Stevens, Gretchen A.. Imperial College London; Reino Unido  
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Fil: Gregg, Edward W.. Imperial College London; Reino Unido  
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Fil: Bennett, James E.. Imperial College London; Reino Unido  
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Fil: Solomon, Bethlehem. Imperial College London; Reino Unido  
dc.description.fil
Fil: Singleton, Rosie K.. Imperial College London; Reino Unido  
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Fil: Sophiea, Marisa K.. Imperial College London; Reino Unido  
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Fil: Iurilli, Maria LC. Imperial College London; Reino Unido  
dc.description.fil
Fil: Lhoste, Victor PF. Imperial College London; Reino Unido  
dc.description.fil
Fil: Cowan, Melanie J.. WHO; Suiza  
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Fil: Savin, Stefan. WHO; Suiza  
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Fil: Woodward, Mark. Imperial College London; Reino Unido. University of New South Wales; Australia  
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Fil: Balanova, Yulia. National Medical Research Centre for Therapy and Preventive Medicine; Rusia  
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Fil: Cifkova, Renata. Karlova Univerzita; República Checa  
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Fil: Damasceno, Albertino. Eduardo Mondlane University; Mozambique  
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Fil: Elliott, Paul. Imperial College London; Reino Unido  
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Fil: Farzadfar, Farshad. Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center; Irán  
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Fil: He, Jiang. University of Tulane; Estados Unidos  
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Fil: Ikeda, Nayu. National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition; Japón  
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Fil: Kengne, Andre P.. South African Medical Research Council; Sudáfrica  
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Fil: Khang, Young Ho. Seoul National University College of Medicine; Corea del Sur  
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Fil: Chang Kim, Hyeon. Yonsei University College of Medicine; Corea del Sur  
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Fil: Laxmaiah, Avula. National Institute of Nutrition; India  
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Fil: Lin, Hsien Ho. National Taiwan University; China  
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Fil: Margozzini Maira, Paula. Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile; Chile  
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Fil: Rubinstein, Adolfo Luis. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Centro de Investigaciones en Epidemiología y Salud Pública. Instituto de Efectividad Clínica y Sanitaria. Centro de Investigaciones en Epidemiología y Salud Pública; Argentina  
dc.journal.title
Lancet  
dc.relation.alternativeid
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(21)01330-1  
dc.relation.alternativeid
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/url/https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140673621013301