RGD-functionalization of anodized zirconium as a potential strategy for biomedical application: An in vitro study

Abstract

The effect of functionalization of anodized zirconium (Zr) with RGD peptides on cell behavior as a feasible approach to stimulate early bone integration is presented. The surface modifications were evaluated by Raman spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Electrochemical tests were performed to determine the effect of functionalization on the stability of the anodized zirconium oxide film. Finally, the biocompatibility of the material was evaluated in an in vitro cell model. Surface analysis showed the presence of peptides on the surface after functionalization, and that the crystal structure of the oxide formed by anodization is predominantly monoclinic. The immobilization of RGD peptides on anodized Zr does not alter the corrosion protection provided by the anodic oxide and significantly promote cell adhesion and spreading in vitro. Thus, the combination of RGD peptides with anodic oxide on Zr surface would represent a useful strategy to increases the biocompatibility of the material.