Sex and refuge distance influence escape decision in a Liolaemus lizard when it is approached by a terrestrial predator

Abstract

The decision of when and how to escape result crucial for animals because it can result in an interruption to contribute to their fitness. In the present study, we analysed whether speed attack, sex and type of refuge influenced the flight initiation distance (FID) and the closest refuge distance (CRD) in Liolaemus pacha lizards. We also compared the use of different type of refuges. Sex influence both CRD and FID, which would be discussed according to the size of their home range, the escape speed and sexual dichromatism. The interaction between speed and type of refuge used, influence CRD, suggesting that lizards perceived different predation risks. At high-speed approaches, lizards chose the closest refuge, rocks; while at low-speed approaches, lizards chose shrubs as a refuge, mainly the small ones. Lizard's decision-making is discussed in relation to the refuge protection, their microclimatic conditions and visibility.