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dc.contributor.author
Alomia Hinojosa, Victoria
dc.contributor.author
Groot, Jeroen C. J.
dc.contributor.author
Speelman, Erika N.
dc.contributor.author
Bettinelli, Carlo
dc.contributor.author
McDonald, Andrew J.
dc.contributor.author
Alvarez, Stephanie
dc.contributor.author
Tittonell, Pablo
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dc.date.available
2023-08-16T10:17:38Z
dc.date.issued
2020-03
dc.identifier.citation
Alomia Hinojosa, Victoria; Groot, Jeroen C. J.; Speelman, Erika N.; Bettinelli, Carlo; McDonald, Andrew J.; et al.; Operationalizing the concept of robustness of nitrogen networks in mixed smallholder systems: A pilot study in the mid-hills and lowlands of Nepal; Elsevier Science; Ecological Indicators; 110; 3-2020; 1-42
dc.identifier.issn
1470-160X
dc.identifier.uri
http://hdl.handle.net/11336/208436
dc.description.abstract
Nitrogen (N) is often the most limiting nutrient to productivity in smallholder mixed crop-livestock systems such as commonly found in the mid-hills and lowland (Terai) of Nepal. Identifying current bottlenecks constraining agroecosystem functioning in terms of N flows and associated improvement options in these systems is paramount. Here, we explore variations in robustness, a concept from ecological network analysis (ENA) which represents the balance of system's degree of order between organization (order/constraint) and adaptive flexibility (freedom/resilience) of N flows. Robustness can provide a detailed assessment of N flows and assist in evaluation of measures to reduce nutrient losses. In this study, the FarmDESIGN model was employed to quantify nitrogen flows, generate ENA indicators of integration, diversity and robustness, and to explore the impact of crop intensification options on N networks across farm types in the mid-hills and lowland (Terai) of Nepal. Results revealed that the farms in the different agroecosystems recycled only a small portion of the total N inputs (<15%), and had therefore high rates of N losses (63–1135 kg N per ha per year) and high dependency on N imports in the form of fodder (feed self-reliance 11–43%). The farm N networks were organised (high productivity) but inflexible (poorly resilient) and consequently unbalanced (low robustness). Scenarios of improved management (improved seed, intercropping, use of fertilizers, better timing of activities) resulted in improved crop production, leading to reduced fodder imports and less N losses. Consequently, the N networks increased in flexibility which resulted in greater robustness of the N flow network in the farm systems. Increasing on-farm biomass production by improved farm management could be an important element on the way to sustainably intensify smallholder farms, especially when dependency on external resources can be reduced. We conclude that a detailed analysis of nutrient flows and their robustness is a suitable instrument for targeted improvement of nutrient use in smallholder crop-livestock systems.
dc.format
application/pdf
dc.language.iso
eng
dc.publisher
Elsevier Science
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dc.rights
info:eu-repo/semantics/restrictedAccess
dc.rights.uri
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ar/
dc.subject
NETWORK ANALYSIS
dc.subject
NITROGEN CYCLING
dc.subject
SMALLHOLDER-FARMS
dc.subject
SUSTAINABILITY
dc.subject
WHOLE-FARM MODEL
dc.subject.classification
Otras Ciencias Agrícolas
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dc.subject.classification
Otras Ciencias Agrícolas
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dc.subject.classification
CIENCIAS AGRÍCOLAS
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dc.title
Operationalizing the concept of robustness of nitrogen networks in mixed smallholder systems: A pilot study in the mid-hills and lowlands of Nepal
dc.type
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
dc.type
info:ar-repo/semantics/artículo
dc.type
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
dc.date.updated
2023-08-15T23:10:14Z
dc.journal.volume
110
dc.journal.pagination
1-42
dc.journal.pais
Países Bajos
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dc.journal.ciudad
Amsterdam
dc.description.fil
Fil: Alomia Hinojosa, Victoria. University of Agriculture Wageningen; Países Bajos
dc.description.fil
Fil: Groot, Jeroen C. J.. University of Agriculture Wageningen; Países Bajos
dc.description.fil
Fil: Speelman, Erika N.. University of Agriculture Wageningen; Países Bajos
dc.description.fil
Fil: Bettinelli, Carlo. University of Agriculture Wageningen; Países Bajos
dc.description.fil
Fil: McDonald, Andrew J.. Cornell University; Estados Unidos
dc.description.fil
Fil: Alvarez, Stephanie. University of Agriculture Wageningen; Países Bajos
dc.description.fil
Fil: Tittonell, Pablo. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro Regional Patagonia Norte. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria San Carlos de Bariloche. Instituto de Investigaciones Forestales y Agropecuarias Bariloche. - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Patagonia Norte. Instituto de Investigaciones Forestales y Agropecuarias Bariloche; Argentina
dc.journal.title
Ecological Indicators
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dc.relation.alternativeid
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2019.105883
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