Estudio de Síntomas Neuropsiquiátricos y Neuropsicológicos en pacientes con Enfermedad de Parkinson seleccionados para la cirugía de estimulación cerebral profunda

Abstract

Introduction: Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disease that combines motor and non-motor symptoms. The motor symptoms are cardinal, however, these patients also present associated psychiatric and neuropsychological symptoms. Deep brain stimulation surgery (DBS) is a treatment used for patients in fluctuating and advanced phases of PD. The objective of this work is to detect psychiatric and neuropsychological signs and symptoms in patients with PD who are candidates for DBS surgery. Patients and methods: An observational cross-sectional cohort study was performed. Forty-one patients with a diagnosis of PD were evaluated. Patients were assessed with a semi-structured neuropsychiatric interview, neuropsychiatric scales, and a complete neuropsychological battery. Statistical analysis: A complete descriptive statistical analysis was carried out, correlations were evaluated with the Pearson test. Results: Forty-one patients with PD were evaluated, age 65.39 (SD 8.34), educational level of 11.95 years (SD 4.37). Previous psychiatric disorders were highly prevalent (68.5%). Mild-degree depressive symptoms and mild–moderate anxiety symptoms were observed, and impulsive symptoms and nocturnal behaviors were frequently reported. Patients presented amnesic-type cognitive impairment, with poor scores on executive and visuoconstructive tests. Significant correlations (p < 0.05) were found between the neuropsychiatric and neuropsychological scales. Conclusions: PD patients present frequently psychiatric disorders and cognitive impairment. It is of relevance to carry out a neuropsychological and neuropsychiatric evaluation with adapted and validated scales for the selection of patients for this type of surgery.