Catastrophic slab loss in southwestern Pangea preserved in the mantle and igneous record

Abstract

The Choiyoi Magmatic Province represents a major episode of silicic magmatism in southwestern Pangea in the mid-Permian-Triassic, the origin of which remains intensely debated. Here, we integrate plate-kinematic reconstructions and the lower mantle slab record beneath southwestern Pangea that provide clues on late Paleozoic-Mesozoic subducting slab configurations. Also, we compile geochronological information and analyze geochemical data using tectono-magmatic discrimination diagrams. We demonstrate that this magmatic event resulted from a large-scale slab loss. This is supported by a paleogeographic coincidence between a reconstructed 2,800-3,000-km-wide slab gap and the Choiyoi Magmatic Province and geochemical data indicating a slab break-off fingerprint in the latter. The slab break-off event is compatible with Permian paleogeographic modifications in southwestern Pangea. These findings render the Choiyoi Magmatic Province the oldest example of a geophysically constrained slab loss event and open new avenues to assess the geodynamic setting of silicic large igneous provinces back to the late Paleozoic.