Trayectorias de agentes pastorales en el Gran Chaco: Desarrollo, política y derechos indígenas

Abstract

El objetivo de este artículo es analizar dos trayectorias de agentes pastorales que orientaron sus intervenciones a los pueblos indígenas del Gran Chaco argentino en las últimas tres décadas del siglo XX. Nos proponemos indagar en aquellas lógicas, prácticas, ámbitos y valores dónde sus trayectorias y experiencias se intersectan, formando parte de una misma configuración desarrollista. Circunscribimos el análisis a ciertos momentos particulares de sus trayectorias, destacando las interconexiones que no solo se dieron en un plano individual, sino además en un plano estructural, es decir, a nivel de sus instituciones y de las realidades provinciales y nacional en las cuales sus acciones estaban insertas. Las trayectorias de las que nos servimos fueron elaboradas en base a entrevistas antropológicas que se realizaron en trabajos de campo en diversos puntos del país (Buenos Aires y Salta) y fuentes secundarias.

We analyze two trajectories of pastoral agents whose interventions focus on Indigenous People from the Argentine Gran Chaco, in the last three decades of the 20th century. Our intention is to explore positionings, values, ideals, experiences and knowledge that shape the way development interventions took. We focus the analysis to particular moments of their trajectories, highlighting the interconnections that took place not only in an individual dimension, but also in a structural dimension. In other words, at the level of institutions and at the provincial and national realities in which their actions took place. While contextualizing significant events that emerged from their trajectories, we present the appropriations and ways in which pastoral agents refer to position themselves in an arena whose contours begin to define and delimit. We describe what type of interventions they were creating and we reveal in which ways by their initiatives they were developing a new approach to the indigenois people from the Chaco region. The trajectories were elaborated through anthropological interviews realized during field work in different locations of the country (Buenos Aires, Formosa and Salta) between the years 2013 and 2019, and secondary sources.