Estrogens and androgens binding sites in mitochondria

Abstract

Mitochondrial localization of estrogen and androgen receptors and hormone-responsive elements (EREs) was reported in different cell lines and indicated that these steroid hormones have specific actions on the mitochondrial gene expression and functions. Both steroids act through a complex molecular mechanism that involves crosstalk between plasma membrane, mitochondria and nucleus. One of the results of these interactions is mitochondrial protection. Here, we discuss studies that describe the estrogen- and testosterone-dependent actions on the mitochondrial and their implications.