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dc.contributor.author
Solomina, Olga N.
dc.contributor.author
Bradley, Raymond S.
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Jomelli, Vincent
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Geirsdottir, Aslaug
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Kaufman, Darrell S.
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Koch, Johannes
dc.contributor.author
McKay, Nicolas P.
dc.contributor.author
Masiokas, Mariano Hugo
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dc.contributor.author
Miller, Gifford
dc.contributor.author
Nesje, Atle
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Nicolussi, Kurt
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Owen, Lewis
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Putnam, Aaron E.
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Wanner, Heinz
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Wiles, Gregory
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Yang, Bao
dc.date.available
2023-01-02T19:58:11Z
dc.date.issued
2016-10
dc.identifier.citation
Solomina, Olga N.; Bradley, Raymond S.; Jomelli, Vincent; Geirsdottir, Aslaug; Kaufman, Darrell S.; et al.; Glacier fluctuations during the past 2000 years; Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd; Quaternary Science Reviews; 149; 10-2016; 61-90
dc.identifier.issn
0277-3791
dc.identifier.uri
http://hdl.handle.net/11336/182995
dc.description.abstract
A global compilation of glacier advances and retreats for the past two millennia grouped by 17 regions (excluding Antarctica) highlights the nature of glacier fluctuations during the late Holocene. The dataset includes 275 time series of glacier fluctuations based on historical, tree ring, lake sediment, radiocarbon and terrestrial cosmogenic nuclide data. The most detailed and reliable series for individual glaciers and regional compilations are compared with summer temperature and, when available, winter precipitation reconstructions, the most important parameters for glacier mass balance. In many cases major glacier advances correlate with multi-decadal periods of decreased summer temperature. In a few cases, such as in Arctic Alaska and western Canada, some glacier advances occurred during relatively warm wet times. The timing and scale of glacier fluctuations over the past two millennia varies greatly from region to region. However, the number of glacier advances shows a clear pattern for the high, mid and low latitudes and, hence, points to common forcing factors acting at the global scale. Globally, during the first millennium CE glaciers were smaller than between the advances in 13th to early 20th centuries CE. The precise extent of glacier retreat in the first millennium is not well defined; however, the most conservative estimates indicate that during the 1st and 2nd centuries in some regions glaciers were smaller than at the end of 20th/early 21st centuries. Other periods of glacier retreat are identified regionally during the 5th and 8th centuries in the European Alps, in the 3rd–6th and 9th centuries in Norway, during the 10th–13th centuries in southern Alaska, and in the 18th century in Spitsbergen. However, no single period of common global glacier retreat of centennial duration, except for the past century, has yet been identified. In contrast, the view that the Little Ice Age was a period of global glacier expansion beginning in the 13th century (or earlier) and reaching a maximum in 17th–19th centuries is supported by our data. The pattern of glacier variations in the past two millennia corresponds with cooling in reconstructed temperature records at the continental and hemispheric scales. The number of glacier advances also broadly matches periods showing high volcanic activity and low solar irradiance over the past two millennia, although the resolution of most glacier chronologies is not enough for robust statistical correlations. Glacier retreat in the past 100–150 years corresponds to the anthropogenic global temperature increase. Many questions concerning the relative strength of forcing factors that drove glacier variations in the past 2 ka still remain.
dc.format
application/pdf
dc.language.iso
eng
dc.publisher
Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd
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dc.rights
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.rights.uri
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/2.5/ar/
dc.subject
GLACIER VARIATIONS
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LATE HOLOCENE
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LITTLE ICE AGE
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MODERN GLACIER RETREAT
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NEOGLACIAL
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SOLAR AND VOLCANIC ACTIVITY
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TEMPERATURE CHANGE
dc.subject.classification
Geociencias multidisciplinaria
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dc.subject.classification
Ciencias de la Tierra y relacionadas con el Medio Ambiente
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dc.subject.classification
CIENCIAS NATURALES Y EXACTAS
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dc.title
Glacier fluctuations during the past 2000 years
dc.type
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
dc.type
info:ar-repo/semantics/artículo
dc.type
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
dc.date.updated
2022-12-27T18:16:15Z
dc.journal.volume
149
dc.journal.pagination
61-90
dc.journal.pais
Países Bajos
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dc.journal.ciudad
Amsterdam
dc.description.fil
Fil: Solomina, Olga N.. Russian Academy Of Sciences; Rusia
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Fil: Bradley, Raymond S.. University Of Massachusetts; Estados Unidos
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Fil: Jomelli, Vincent. Universite de Paris I Pantheon - Sorbonne; Francia
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Fil: Geirsdottir, Aslaug. University of Iceland; Islandia
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Fil: Kaufman, Darrell S.. Northern Arizona University; Estados Unidos
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Fil: Koch, Johannes. Brandon University; Canadá
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Fil: McKay, Nicolas P.. Northern Arizona University; Estados Unidos
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Fil: Masiokas, Mariano Hugo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mendoza. Instituto Argentino de Nivología, Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales. Provincia de Mendoza. Instituto Argentino de Nivología, Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Instituto Argentino de Nivología, Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales; Argentina
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Fil: Miller, Gifford. State University of Colorado at Boulder; Estados Unidos
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Fil: Nesje, Atle. University of Bergen; Noruega. Bjerknes Centre for Climate Research; Noruega
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Fil: Nicolussi, Kurt. Universidad de Innsbruck; Austria
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Fil: Owen, Lewis. University of Cincinnati; Estados Unidos
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Fil: Putnam, Aaron E.. University of Maine; Estados Unidos. Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory; Estados Unidos
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Fil: Wanner, Heinz. University of Bern; Suiza
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Fil: Wiles, Gregory. The College of Wooster; Estados Unidos
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Fil: Yang, Bao. Chinese Academy of Sciences; República de China
dc.journal.title
Quaternary Science Reviews
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dc.relation.alternativeid
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2016.04.008
dc.relation.alternativeid
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/url/https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0277379116301196
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