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Artículo

Astrocytes: New Targets of Melanocortin 4 Receptor Actions

Caruso, Carla MarianaIcon ; Carniglia, LilaIcon ; Durand, Daniela ElizabethIcon ; Scimonelli, Teresa NievesIcon ; Lasaga, Mercedes IsabelIcon
Fecha de publicación: 23/07/2013
Editorial: BioScientifica
Revista: Journal of Molecular Endocrinology
ISSN: 0952-5041
Idioma: Inglés
Tipo de recurso: Artículo publicado
Clasificación temática:
Neurociencias

Resumen

Astrocytes exert a wide variety of functions with paramount importance in brain physiology. After injury or infection, astrocytes become reactive and they respond by producing a variety of inflammatory mediators that help maintain brain homeostasis. Loss of astrocyte functions as well as their excessive activation can contribute to disease processes; thus, it is important to modulate reactive astrocyte response. Melanocortins are peptides with well-recognized anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective activity. Although melanocortin efficacy was shown in systemic models of inflammatory disease, mechanisms involved in their effects have not yet been fully elucidated. Central anti-inflammatory effects of melanocortins and their mechanisms are even less well known, and, in particular, the effects of melanocortins in glial cells are poorly understood. Of the five known melanocortin receptors (MCRs), only subtype 4 is present in astrocytes. MC4R has been shown to mediate melanocortin effects on energy homeostasis, reproduction, inflammation, and neuroprotection and, recently, to modulate astrocyte functions. In this review, we will describe MC4R involvement in anti-inflammatory, anorexigenic, and anti-apoptotic effects of melanocortins in the brain. We will highlight MC4R action in astrocytes and discuss their possible mechanisms of action. Melanocortin effects on astrocytes provide a new means of treating inflammation, obesity, and neurodegeneration, making them attractive targets for therapeutic interventions in the CNS.
Palabras clave: Astrocytes , Mc4r , Inflammation , Neuroprotection , Energy Homeostasis
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info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess Excepto donde se diga explícitamente, este item se publica bajo la siguiente descripción: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.5 Unported (CC BY-NC-SA 2.5)
Identificadores
URI: http://hdl.handle.net/11336/1737
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/JME-13-0064
URL: http://jme.endocrinology-journals.org/content/51/2/R33.full.pdf+html
Colecciones
Articulos(BIOMED)
Articulos de INSTITUTO DE INVESTIGACIONES BIOMEDICAS
Articulos(IFEC)
Articulos de INST. DE FARMACOLOGIA EXPERIMENTAL DE CORDOBA
Articulos(INBIOMED)
Articulos de INSTITUTO DE INVESTIGACIONES BIOMEDICAS
Articulos(OCA HOUSSAY)
Articulos de OFICINA DE COORDINACION ADMINISTRATIVA HOUSSAY
Citación
Caruso, Carla Mariana; Carniglia, Lila; Durand, Daniela Elizabeth; Scimonelli, Teresa Nieves; Lasaga, Mercedes Isabel; Astrocytes: New Targets of Melanocortin 4 Receptor Actions; BioScientifica; Journal of Molecular Endocrinology; 51; 2; 23-7-2013; 33-50
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