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dc.contributor.author
Kramer, John
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Dick, Danielle M.
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King, Andrea
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Ray, Lara A.
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Sher, Kenneth J.
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Vena, Ashley
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Vendruscolo, Leandro F.
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Acion, Laura
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dc.date.available
2022-10-05T16:19:51Z
dc.date.issued
2020-08-11
dc.identifier.citation
Kramer, John; Dick, Danielle M.; King, Andrea; Ray, Lara A.; Sher, Kenneth J.; et al.; Mechanisms of Alcohol Addiction: Bridging Human and Animal Studies; Oxford University Press; Alcohol and Alcoholism; 55; 6; 11-8-2020; 603-607
dc.identifier.issn
0735-0414
dc.identifier.uri
http://hdl.handle.net/11336/172006
dc.description.abstract
Aim: The purpose of this brief narrative review is to address the complexities and benefits of extending animal alcohol addiction research to the human domain, emphasizing Allostasis and Incentive Sensitization, two models that inform many pre-clinical and clinical studies. Methods: The work reviewed includes a range of approaches, including: a) animal and human studies that target the biology of craving and compulsive consumption; b) human investigations that utilize alcohol self-administration and alcohol challenge paradigms, in some cases across 10 years; c) questionnaires that document changes in the positive and negative reinforcing effects of alcohol with increasing severity of addiction; and d) genomic structural equation modeling based on data from animal and human studies. Results: Several general themes emerge from specific study findings. First, positive reinforcement is characteristic of early stage addiction and sometimes diminishes with increasing severity, consistent with both Allostasis and Incentive Sensitization. Second, evidence is less consistent for the predominance of negative reinforcement in later stages of addiction, a key tenant of Allostasis. Finally, there are important individual differences in motivation to drink at a given point in time as well as person-specific change patterns across time. Conclusions: Key constructs of addiction, like stage and reinforcement, are by necessity operationalized differently in animal and human studies. Similarly, testing the validity of addiction models requires different strategies by the two research domains. Although such differences are challenging, they are not insurmountable, and there is much to be gained in understanding and treating addiction by combining pre-clinical and clinical approaches.
dc.format
application/pdf
dc.language.iso
eng
dc.publisher
Oxford University Press
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dc.rights
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.rights.uri
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ar/
dc.subject
Alcohol dependence
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Ethanol
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Addictive behavior
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Genome
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Motivation
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Self administration
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Sensitization
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Animal testing
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Incentives
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Narrative review
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Positive reinforcement
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Negative reinforcement
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Craving
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Psiquiatría
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Medicina Clínica
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CIENCIAS MÉDICAS Y DE LA SALUD
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dc.title
Mechanisms of Alcohol Addiction: Bridging Human and Animal Studies
dc.type
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
dc.type
info:ar-repo/semantics/artículo
dc.type
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
dc.date.updated
2021-11-17T14:42:39Z
dc.identifier.eissn
1464-3502
dc.journal.volume
55
dc.journal.number
6
dc.journal.pagination
603-607
dc.journal.pais
Reino Unido
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dc.journal.ciudad
Oxford
dc.description.fil
Fil: Kramer, John. University of Iowa; Estados Unidos
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Fil: Dick, Danielle M.. University of Virginia; Estados Unidos
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Fil: King, Andrea. University of Chicago; Estados Unidos
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Fil: Ray, Lara A.. University of California at Los Angeles; Estados Unidos
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Fil: Sher, Kenneth J.. University of Missouri; Estados Unidos
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Fil: Vena, Ashley. University of Chicago; Estados Unidos
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Fil: Vendruscolo, Leandro F.. National Institutes of Health; Estados Unidos
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Fil: Acion, Laura. University of Iowa; Estados Unidos. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Calculo. - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Calculo; Argentina
dc.journal.title
Alcohol and Alcoholism
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dc.relation.alternativeid
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/url/https://academic.oup.com/alcalc/article/55/6/603/5890828
dc.relation.alternativeid
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/https://doi.org/10.1093/alcalc/agaa068
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