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dc.contributor.author
Frost, Laura A.
dc.contributor.author
O'Leary, Nataly Cristina
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Lagomarsino, Laura P.
dc.contributor.author
Tank, David C.
dc.contributor.author
Olmstead, Richard G.
dc.date.available
2022-03-11T17:31:27Z
dc.date.issued
2021-10-20
dc.identifier.citation
Frost, Laura A.; O'Leary, Nataly Cristina; Lagomarsino, Laura P.; Tank, David C.; Olmstead, Richard G.; Phylogeny, classification, and character evolution of tribe Citharexyleae (Verbenaceae); Botanical Society of America; American Journal of Botany; 108; 10; 20-10-2021; 1982-2001
dc.identifier.issn
0002-9122
dc.identifier.uri
http://hdl.handle.net/11336/153279
dc.description.abstract
Premise: As a family of Neotropical origin and primarily Neotropical distribution, the Verbenaceae are a good but understudied system with which to understand Neotropical evolution. Tribe Citharexyleae comprises three genera: Baillonia, Citharexylum—one of the largest genera in Verbenaceae—and Rehdera. A molecular phylogenetic approach was taken to resolve intergeneric relationships in Citharexyleae and infrageneric relationships in Citharexylum. The phylogeny is used to elucidate character evolution in a widespread, morphologically diverse Neotropical genus. Methods: Seven plastid regions, two nuclear ribosomal spacers, and six low-copy nuclear loci were analyzed for 64 species of Citharexyleae. Phylogenetic analyses were conducted using maximum likelihood, Bayesian inference, and multispecies coalescent approaches. Habit, presence or absence of thorns, inflorescence architecture, flower color, fruit color, and geography were examined to identify diagnostic character states for clades within Citharexylum. Results: Rehdera is resolved as sister to Citharexylum, and Baillonia nested within Citharexylum. Two species, C. oleinum and C. tetramerum, are not closely related to tribe Citharexyleae, but may be related to members of tribe Duranteae instead. Seven clades within Citharexylum are inferred, each characterized by a combination of geography, fruit color and/or maturation, and inflorescence architecture. There is evidence of correlated evolution between habit, axillary inflorescences, and flower number per inflorescence. Shrubs with reduced inflorescences have evolved repeatedly. Conclusions: A subgeneric classification for Citharexylum is proposed. Although suites of associated traits are found, character morphology has been labile throughout Citharexylum's evolutionary history. Morphological diversity may be related to adaptation to differing mesic and xeric habitats.
dc.format
application/pdf
dc.language.iso
eng
dc.publisher
Botanical Society of America
dc.rights
info:eu-repo/semantics/restrictedAccess
dc.rights.uri
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ar/
dc.subject
ANDES
dc.subject
CITHAREXYLEAE
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CITHAREXYLUM
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CONVERGENT EVOLUTION
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CORRELATED EVOLUTION
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FRUIT COLOR SYNDROME
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MICROFLUIDIC POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION
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MOLECULAR PHYLOGENETICS
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NEOTROPICS
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PCR
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VERBENACEAE
dc.subject.classification
Ciencias de las Plantas, Botánica
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Ciencias Biológicas
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CIENCIAS NATURALES Y EXACTAS
dc.title
Phylogeny, classification, and character evolution of tribe Citharexyleae (Verbenaceae)
dc.type
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
dc.type
info:ar-repo/semantics/artículo
dc.type
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
dc.date.updated
2022-03-08T21:08:37Z
dc.identifier.eissn
1537-2197
dc.journal.volume
108
dc.journal.number
10
dc.journal.pagination
1982-2001
dc.journal.pais
Estados Unidos
dc.description.fil
Fil: Frost, Laura A.. University of Washington; Estados Unidos
dc.description.fil
Fil: O'Leary, Nataly Cristina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Botánica Darwinion. Academia Nacional de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales. Instituto de Botánica Darwinion; Argentina
dc.description.fil
Fil: Lagomarsino, Laura P.. State University of Louisiana; Estados Unidos
dc.description.fil
Fil: Tank, David C.. University of Wyoming; Estados Unidos
dc.description.fil
Fil: Olmstead, Richard G.. University of Washington; Estados Unidos
dc.journal.title
American Journal of Botany
dc.relation.alternativeid
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/http://dx.doi.org/ 10.1002/ajb2.1750
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