Reproduction and Sexual dimorphism of the endemic andean Gecko Homonota andicola (Squamata: Phyllodactylidae) from Central Western Argentina

Abstract

Studies of reproductive biology are essential to understanding the life history of species and contribute to determining their conservation status and future protection. The Andean Gecko (Homonota andicola) is a small lizard endemic to central western Argentina and occurs in Monte, Puna, and High Andes environments. Our objective was to determine the reproductive cycle of a population of H. andicola in the Calingasta Department of San Juan, Argentina, to establish its reproductive potential, and determine if the sexes are sexually dimorphic, and, if so, its relationship with reproduction. Homonota andicola started its reproductive activity in early spring. A single egg was produced, and we found that at least two clutches were produced per reproductive cycle. The gonadal cycle varied with the seasons. For males, testicular development exhibited no variation, demonstrating a continuous reproductive state throughout the activity season. We found that sexes were sexually dimorphic in head length and head width, with these variables being more pronounced in males. We attribute this dimorphism to sexual selection favoring males with larger heads. This study is the first contribution to the biology of the species and its conclusions should serve as a starting point for future research in both an ecological context and in terms of biodiversity conservation.