Potential bio-protective effect of copper compounds: Mimicking SOD and peroxidases enzymes and inhibiting acid phosphatase as a target for anti-osteoporotic chemotherapeutics

Abstract

Copper complexes with transformed methimazole ligand have been synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, conductivity measurements, thermogravimetric analysis, EPR, FTIR and UV–Vis spectroscopies. Results support their stoichiometries and geometrical structures: [Cu(C 4 H 5 N 2 S) 2 Cl 2 ]·2H 2 O(1), [Cu(C 8 H 10 N 4 S)SO 4 H 2 O](2) and [Cu(C 8 H 10 N 4 S)SO 4 ](3). ((C 4 H 5 N 2 ) 2 S: bis(l-methylimidazol-2-yl)sulfide; (C 4 H 5 N 2 S) 2 = Bis[bis(l-methylimidazol-2-yl)disulfide]) Concurrently, the structurally distinct soluble species corresponding to complexes (1) and (2) were subsequently used in an in vitro investigation of their potential biological properties. In view of their possible pharmaceutical activity, the complexes were in vitro evaluated as phosphatase acid inhibitors. Their radical bio-protective effects were also studied measuring the effect against DPPH • and O 2 •− radicals. Additional catalytic properties as peroxidase mimics were evaluated using Michaelis–Menten kinetic model by means of phenol red and pyrogallol assays. The complexes exhibited catalytic bromination activity and the ability to oxidize pyrogallol substrate indicating that they can be considered as functional models. The relationships between the structures and the in vitro biological activities have also been considered. Serum protein albumin has attracted the greatest interest as drug carrier and the affinity of biological/pharmaceutical compound is relevant to the development of new medicine. In that sense, interaction studies by fluorescence and EPR spectroscopies were performed showing the binding capacity of the complexes.