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dc.contributor.author
Ramirez, Martin Javier
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dc.contributor.author
Michalik, Peter
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dc.date.available
2021-02-03T14:11:17Z
dc.date.issued
2019-11
dc.identifier.citation
Ramirez, Martin Javier; Michalik, Peter; Web-building behavior of the odd-clawed spider Progradungula otwayensis (Araneae: Gradungulidae) and implications for the evolution of combing behavior in spiders; American Arachnological Society; Journal of Arachnology; 47; 3; 11-2019; 299-309
dc.identifier.issn
0161-8202
dc.identifier.uri
http://hdl.handle.net/11336/124587
dc.description.abstract
This study explores the web-building behavior of Gradungulidae for the first time, using the Otway odd-clawed spider Progradungula otwayensisMilledge, 1997. The web consists of a signal line leading to a retreat, an upper scaffold and a cribellate catching ladder connected to the substrate. The construction sequence and final structure of the catching ladder are highly stereotyped, especially in the initial segments of the cribellate capture thread. Two vertical rail lines - made of thin cribellate silk that is not combed with the calamistrum - are connected by looping segments of combed, much thicker cribellate capture threads. Small juveniles make a relatively larger non-sticky supporting scaffold with some cribellate silk on it. Microscopic analysis of the silk revealed that the cribellate bands have a pair of axial lines and a pair of reserve warps; the cribellate fibrils have nodules. The non-sticky structural lines are made of straight or coiling lines, changing gradually from straight to coiling; each of these structural lines is composed of tightly appressed fibrils, probably associated with the occurrence of multiple ampullate gland spigots. During combing behavior both legs IV are used synchronously. The same combing behavior is performed by the Tasmanian cave spider Hickmania troglodytes (Higgins & Petterd, 1883). We conclude that both type I and type II combing behaviors are monophyletic, although it is unclear which one is ancestral. Given the phylogenetic position of ProgradungulaForster & Gray, 1979, we suggest that the ability to measure with precision and produce repetitive, stereotyped silk structures made of specific silk types may have arisen close to the ancestor of araneomorph spiders.
dc.format
application/pdf
dc.language.iso
eng
dc.publisher
American Arachnological Society
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dc.rights
info:eu-repo/semantics/restrictedAccess
dc.rights.uri
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ar/
dc.subject
AUSTROCHILOIDEA
dc.subject
CRIBELLUM
dc.subject
SILK
dc.subject
WEB
dc.subject.classification
Zoología, Ornitología, Entomología, Etología
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dc.subject.classification
Ciencias Biológicas
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dc.subject.classification
CIENCIAS NATURALES Y EXACTAS
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dc.title
Web-building behavior of the odd-clawed spider Progradungula otwayensis (Araneae: Gradungulidae) and implications for the evolution of combing behavior in spiders
dc.type
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
dc.type
info:ar-repo/semantics/artículo
dc.type
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
dc.date.updated
2020-11-26T17:45:56Z
dc.journal.volume
47
dc.journal.number
3
dc.journal.pagination
299-309
dc.journal.pais
Estados Unidos
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dc.journal.ciudad
Nueva York
dc.description.fil
Fil: Ramirez, Martin Javier. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales "Bernardino Rivadavia"; Argentina
dc.description.fil
Fil: Michalik, Peter. ERNST MORITZ ARNDT UNIVERSITÄT GREIFSWALD (UG);
dc.journal.title
Journal of Arachnology
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dc.relation.alternativeid
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/http://dx.doi.org/10.1636/0161-8202-47.3.299
dc.relation.alternativeid
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/url/https://bioone.org/journals/the-journal-of-arachnology/volume-47/issue-3/0161-8202-47.3.299/Web-building-behavior-of-the-odd-clawed-spider-Progradungula-otwayensis/10.1636/0161-8202-47.3.299.short
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