Inducing critical phenomena in spin chains through sparse alternating fields

Abstract

We analyze the phase diagram of the exact ground state (GS) of spin-s chains with ferromagnetic XXZ couplings under n-alternating field configurations, i.e., sparse alternating fields having nodes at n − 1 contiguous sites. It is shown that such systems can exhibit a nontrivial magnetic behavior, which can differ significantly from that of the standard (n = 1) alternating case and enable mechanisms for controlling their magnetic and entanglement properties. The boundary in field space of the fully aligned phase can be determined analytically ∀ n, and shows that it becomes reachable only above a threshold value of the coupling anisotropy Jz/J , which depends on n but is independent of the system size. Below this value, the maximum attainable magnetization becomes much smaller. We then show that the GS can exhibit significant magnetization plateaus, persistent for large systems, at which the magnetization per site m obeys the quantization rule 2n(s − m) = integer, consistent with the Oshikawa, Yamanaka, and Affleck criterion. We also identify the emergence of field-induced spin polymerization, which explains the presence of such plateaus. Entanglement and field-induced frustration effects are also analyzed.