Análisis metagenómico de la microbiota intestinal en pacientes con psoriasis de tipo 1

Abstract

Introduction: Psoriasis is a chronic, immune-mediated inflammatory disease. Type 1 psoriasis (Ps1) or early onset psoriasis is the most common form of psoriasis and has a strong genetic component. The gut microbiota is involved in the maturation of the immune system and in multiple metabolic pathways. Disorders in the intestinal bacterial composition or dysbiosis carry important functional consequences and have been implicated in multiple diseases. The objectives of this study were to evaluate differences in the gut microbiota of patients with Ps1 vs. non-psoriatic control subjects (CS). Materials and methods: We studied 38 patients with Ps1 without treatment and 27 CS. Stool samples were collected and the V3-V4 hypervariable regions of the 16S rRNA gene were analyzed using the Illumina MiSeq sequencing platform to determine microbial composition and diversity. Bioinformatic analysis was performed. Results: We did not find differences in biodiversity (alpha diversity) among patients with Ps1 and CS. Beta diversity showed significant differences between both groups (p = 0.032). When comparing the main phyla, only the relative increase of Firmicutes in Ps1 showed significant differences (p < 0.05). At genus level, the LEfSe analysis revealed greater abundance of Faecalibacterium and Blautia in patients with Ps1 and Bacteroides, Paraprevotella, Odoribacter, Anaerotruncus and Oscillospira in CS. Conclusions: The results showed differences in the intestinal microbiota of patients with Ps1 and CS, which would imply that the gut microbiota plays a role in psoriasis pathogenesis.