Fisher, Haldane and Wright would be proud owing to population genetics has become in a defiant study area in the genetics researches

Abstract

Population genetics is one of the most dynamic areas of investigation within biological sciences. Moreover, this discipline offers a challenge, which is not encountered in most others biological sciences because its main challenge is theoretical rather than experimental. However, its theoretical development come up from analysis of empirical data although in some cases the empirical support arises after the theoretical development. Hence, it could be seen as a feedback between empirical data and theoretical development to understand and explain in the best possible way how natural populations evolve. Mathematical models are widely employed in population genetics; these models represent a simplification of a complex situation and inevitably they are unable to show all the relationships of the real situation. Hence, the choice of few identifiable factors to describe the real and complex situation is a challenge. Population geneticist are interested in complex situations that involved several factors such as birth, death, population size, patterns of mating, geographical distribution of organism, among others. In this way, the population geneticist tries to describe the effect of a large number of individual events by complete while physicist or chemist work with statistical average of molecular behavior of each individual molecule.