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dc.contributor.author
Zabaloy, Maria Celina
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dc.contributor.author
Zanini, Graciela Pilar
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dc.contributor.author
Bianchinotti, Maria Virginia
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dc.contributor.author
Gomez, Marisa Anahi
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dc.contributor.author
Garland, Jay L.
dc.contributor.other
Larramendy, Marcelo Luis
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dc.contributor.other
Soloneski, Sonia Maria Elsa
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dc.date.available
2020-07-22T19:45:28Z
dc.date.issued
2011
dc.identifier.citation
Zabaloy, Maria Celina; Zanini, Graciela Pilar; Bianchinotti, Maria Virginia; Gomez, Marisa Anahi; Garland, Jay L.; Herbicides in the Soil Environment: Linkage Between Bioavailability and Microbial Ecology; IntechOpen; 2011; 161-192
dc.identifier.isbn
978-953-307-975-2
dc.identifier.uri
http://hdl.handle.net/11336/109966
dc.description.abstract
Modern agriculture relies heavily on herbicides for the control of weeds in crops and pastures to maximize yields and economical benefits to sustain an increasing world population. The introduction of herbicide-resistant traits in several crops, such as glyphosate-resistant soybean, maize and canola, has further increased herbicide consumption worldwide. The environmental fate of herbicides is a matter of recent concern given that only a small fraction of the chemicals reaches the target organisms. While most herbicides are not intentionally applied onto soil, they can enter the soil environment from direct interception of spray by the soil surface during early season or post-harvest applications, from runoff or leaching of the herbicide from vegetation and/or from dead plant material. This chapter will present aspects of the behavior of herbicides in soils, focusing on soil retention and microbial degradation as main factors controlling persistence. The potential impact of herbicides on non-target soil microbes, on their processes and interactions, will be also discussed. The enormous variety of herbicides commercially available today makes it impossible to review all of them. Thus, this work will focus on some of the herbicides most used in the (semiarid) Pampa region of Argentina and worldwide (i.e., glyphosate, 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, atrazine, metsulfuron-methyl), based on our own research data. Adsorption to soil is of critical importance for the regulation of herbicide persistence and mobility throughout the environment because sorption processes control the amount of herbicide present in the soil solution. These processes are dependent on several factors related to soil characteristics such as mineral composition, organic matter content, soil solution chemistry and to chemical characteristics of the herbicide. Soil-bound herbicide or residues are temporarily inactivated, which prevents harmful effects on soil biota but also makes them less bio-available for microbial degradation because most microbial species are not able to utilize herbicides in the sorbed state. Herbicide degradation will be discussed both in terms of their use as carbon and nutrient sources. Most isolated herbicide-degrading microorganisms belong to bacterial species, but fungi are also well-known for their capacity to degrade complex substrates, and may be more important than present isolation approaches have suggested. Differential toxicity of herbicides to soil microorganisms may alter community structure, including potential increases in plant or animal pathogens. Herbicides may also cause changes in microbial community function and concomitant impacts on soil health and ecosystem processes.
dc.format
application/pdf
dc.language.iso
eng
dc.publisher
IntechOpen
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dc.rights
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.rights.uri
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ar/
dc.subject
HERBICIDES
dc.subject
ADSORPTION-DESORPTION
dc.subject
BIODEGRADATION
dc.subject
SOIL MICROBIAL COMMUNITY
dc.subject.classification
Ciencias del Suelo
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dc.subject.classification
Agricultura, Silvicultura y Pesca
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dc.subject.classification
CIENCIAS AGRÍCOLAS
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dc.subject.classification
Biología Celular, Microbiología
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dc.subject.classification
Ciencias Biológicas
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dc.subject.classification
CIENCIAS NATURALES Y EXACTAS
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dc.title
Herbicides in the Soil Environment: Linkage Between Bioavailability and Microbial Ecology
dc.type
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
dc.type
info:eu-repo/semantics/bookPart
dc.type
info:ar-repo/semantics/parte de libro
dc.date.updated
2020-06-22T14:17:25Z
dc.journal.pagination
161-192
dc.journal.pais
Reino Unido
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dc.journal.ciudad
Londres
dc.description.fil
Fil: Zabaloy, Maria Celina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Bahía Blanca. Centro de Recursos Naturales Renovables de la Zona Semiárida. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Centro de Recursos Naturales Renovables de la Zona Semiárida; Argentina. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Departamento de Agronomía; Argentina
dc.description.fil
Fil: Zanini, Graciela Pilar. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Bahía Blanca. Centro de Recursos Naturales Renovables de la Zona Semiárida. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Centro de Recursos Naturales Renovables de la Zona Semiárida; Argentina. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Departamento de Agronomía; Argentina
dc.description.fil
Fil: Bianchinotti, Maria Virginia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Bahía Blanca. Centro de Recursos Naturales Renovables de la Zona Semiárida. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Centro de Recursos Naturales Renovables de la Zona Semiárida; Argentina. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia; Argentina
dc.description.fil
Fil: Gomez, Marisa Anahi. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Departamento de Agronomía; Argentina
dc.description.fil
Fil: Garland, Jay L.. Dynamac Corporation; Estados Unidos
dc.relation.alternativeid
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/url/http://www.intechopen.com/books/herbicides-theory-and-applications/herbicides-in-the-soil-environment-linkage-between-bioavailability-and-microbial-ecology
dc.relation.alternativeid
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/12880
dc.conicet.paginas
610
dc.source.titulo
Herbicides, Theory and Applications
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