El problema de la determinación de las capacidades individuales para el desarrollo humano

Abstract

Este trabajo plantea dos objetivos principales: examinar la viabilidad de la confección de un listado de las capacidades humanas y plantear si un listado único, completo y universal del desarrollo de las capacidades individuales tiene algún tipo de conveniencia para el desarrollo humano. Se confirmará que la tesis de que las identidades sociales múltiples elimina la posibilidad de la confección del listado de las capacidades humanas individuales. Se concluye que el listado único, completo y universal de capacidades con ordenamiento jerárquico no sería conveniente. Asimismo, incorporamos un muestro empírico propio cuyo resultado arriba a la misma conclusión.

The capabilities approach is considered a way of addressing and giving a solution to the problem of poverty. This paper takes for granted the fact that for higher capacity, less poverty. What matters is, so, the developing of the capabilities of individuals. But what capabilities should be developed? This is the point at which this paper centers on. Are there certain capabilities more necessary than others? Are there capabilities that must be developed? If the answer is yes, what are those capabilities? With which criterion do we make a list? And is it possible to make a universal list of capabilities of individuals?This paper focuses on two main objectives: to examine the feasibility of making a list of human capabilities and to ask whether a unique, complete and universal list of development of individual capabilities has some kind of convenience for human development.The two paradigmatic positions under discussion are presented (Nussbaum-Sen) regarding such possibility, and, if it is the case, whether is it possible or not to make a unique, complete and universal list for the development of individual human capabilities.The critical hermeneutics and the structural analysis of epistemological positions confirm the thesis of the multiple social identities which eliminates the possibility of making the list of individual human capabilities. And, regardless of the basic capabilities recognized by both authors, since each person is unique and has its own set of functions; it is concluded that the unique, complete and universal list, with hierarchical ordering capabilities, would not be convenient. Also, it is added a personal sampling design that arrives at the same conclusion.