Intra-site spatial analysis of lithic assemblage and refitting of an open-air site in a lacustrine landscape from central Patagonia

Abstract

Puesto Roberts 1 -PR1- is an open-air archaeological site emplaced in a deflation sector that offer the possibility to investigate diverse lithic activities carried out by hunter-gatherers in central Patagonia Argentine. The site is located on the coast of Colhué Huapi lake, in Chubut province. In this work, we present a techno-morphological and intra-site spatial analysis of the lithic artifactual assemblage to discuss about stone tool production, lithic raw materials and to explore the activities that were carried out at the site. The action of post-depositional natural agents that may have caused the mobilization of materials and lithic refits are also analysed to bring insights into the spatial distribution of artifacts. The site is the result of the anthropogenic action, and the mobilization of certain materials produced mainly by the action of wind and water it was recognized. Different stages of knapping, lithic raw materials and lithic tools were recognized. Finally, PR1 is interpreted as an open-air campsite of short duration in its occupation on the late Holocene. Evidences of almost exclusive processing and consumption of carcass of Lama guanicoe were identified. This differs from sites recorded around the lake with chronologies similar to PR1, which show evidences of processing and consumption of fish. Therefore, PR1 contributes to the knowledge of the variability of human activities developed in this lacustrine landscape.