http://hdl.handle.net/11336/58 Articulos de INST. DE INVESTIGACIONES ECONOMICAS Y SOCIALES DEL SUR Thu, 14 Mar 2024 14:26:55 GMT 2024-03-14T14:26:55Z http://hdl.handle.net/11336/226901 Historical Factors of Long-Term Economic Growth and Declination in Argentina: An analysis of the 20th Century; Factores del Crecimiento de Largo Plazo y Declinación en Argentina: Un análisis del Siglo XX Dabús, Carlos Darío; Delbianco, Fernando Andrés This paper explores the historical long-term determinants of economic growth in Argentina along the XX century. The evidence indicates that at the beginning economic openness plays a key role to explain the successful performance achieved until the great crisis of 1930. From there on, and until the middle of the ́70s, Argentina maintained a similar growth of the previous period, which was driven by the domestic demand via investment. Nonetheless, in the last quarter of the past century economic growth slowed drastically, which was mainly associated with economic instability, approx-imated by infl ation and the per capita growth rate output volatility. The intuition is that once the country lost foreign markets for its exports, could temporarily sustain growth thanks to domestic demand, but once this strat-egy petered out the economy was signed by a long period of turbulence and stagnation, specifi cally since 1975 onwards. Thus, economic policy recom-mendations are to develop new led export-oriented sectors, so that alleviate the external restriction, as to avoid procyclical policies in order to reduce the economic instability.; Este trabajo explora los determinantes históricos del crecimiento económico de largo plazo en Argentina durante el siglo pasado. La evidencia indica que a principios de siglo la apertura económica jugó un rol clave para explicar el exitoso desempeño alcanzado hasta la gran crisis de 1930. De ahí en más, y hasta mediados de los ´70s, la economía mantuvo un crecimiento similar al del periodo previo, el cual estuvo impulsado por la demanda doméstica vía la inversión. Sin embargo, en el último cuarto del siglo pasado el crecimiento económico se redujo drásticamente, lo cual estuvo principalmente asociado con la inestabilidad económica, aproximada por la inflación y la volatilidad del crecimiento del producto per cápita. La intuición es que una vez que el país perdió mercados para sus exportaciones pudo mantener temporariamente el crecimiento gracias a la demanda interna, pero una vez que esta estrategia se agotó la economía entró en un largo periodo de turbulencia y estancamiento, específicamente desde 1975 en adelante. Por tanto, las recomendaciones de política son desarrollar nuevos sectores productivos orientados a la exportación, de manera de mitigar la restricción externa, así como evitar políticas procíclicas a fin de reducir la inestabilidad económica. Sat, 30 Dec 2023 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/11336/226901 2023-12-30T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/11336/225563 Redes institucionales para el desarrollo de sectores intensivos en conocimiento: el sector del software en Bahía Blanca; Institutional Networks for the Development of KnowledgeIntensive Sectors: The Software Sector in Bahía Blanca; Redes institucionais para o desenvolvimento de setores intensivos em conhecimento: O setor de software em Bahía Blanca Girolimo, Ulises; Diez, Jose Ignacio Manuel En las últimas décadas, distintos países lograron incorporarse a la producción mundial de software como consecuencia de los procesos de outsourcing (tercerización) y offshoring, la formación de recursos humanos, la implementación de políticas sectoriales, etc. A nivel subnacional, el desarrollo del sector del software se relaciona con las trayectorias y acciones de quienes forman los sistemas locales de innovación. Con el propósito de contribuir a los estudios sobre las re-des institucionales para la promoción de sectores intensivos en conocimiento a escala local, se analizan los vínculos entre los actores ligados al software en Bahía Blanca entre 2003 y 2018. La metodología combinó enfoques cuantitativos y cualitativos para identificar los contactos institucionales y analizar los proyectos conjuntos. Los resultados sugieren que las interacciones entre los agentes son elevadas, pero los proyectos muestran débiles articulaciones, que podrían suplirse mediante una perspectiva estratégica consensuada.; In recent decades, different countries have incorporated the global production of software due to outsourcing and offshoring processes, the availability of human resources, the implementation of sectoral policies, etc. At a sub-national level, the development of the software sector is related to the trajectories and actions of the stakeholders from a local innovation system. The article analyzes the links between the software sector actors in Bahía Blanca between 2003 and 2018. Its purpose is to contribute to the studies of institutional networks to promote knowledge-intensive sectors at the local level. The methodology combines quantitative and qualitative approaches to identify institutional contacts and analyze the projects designed between different institutions. The results suggest that the interactions are intense, but the projects developed by the institutions require greater articulation. This could be solved if they agreed on a strategic perspective for developing the sector in the city.; Nas últimas décadas, diferentes países conseguiram ingressar na produção global de software como resultado de processos de outsourcing e offshoring, a formação de recursos humanos, implementação de políticas setoriais, etc. No nível subnacional, o desenvolvimento do setor de software está relacionado às trajetórias e ações dos atores que compõem os sistemas locais de inovação. Com o objetivo de contribuir para os estudos sobre redes institucionais para a promoção de setores intensivos em conhecimento em escala local, o artigo analisa os vínculos entre os atores vinculados ao software em Bahía Blanca entre 2003 e 2018. A metodologia combina abordagens quantitativas e qualitativas, que permitem identificar contatos institucionais e analisar projetos conjuntos. Os resultados sugerem que as interações entre os agentes são altas, mas os projetos apresentam articulações fracas, que poderiam ser substituídas pelo consenso de uma perspectiva estratégica. Thu, 01 Jun 2023 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/11336/225563 2023-06-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/11336/224829 Socioeconomic inequities and barriers to physical activity in Argentina Arlettaz, Maximiliano Ezequiel; Ramos, Gimena Physical activity (PA) is recognized as a protective factor for health. Despite the importance that has been given to health differences in recent decades, strong inequities still persist. This article examines the inequities in the levels and barriers to PA in Argentina. This was a cross-sectional study with data from the National Risk Factors Survey of Argentina. We considered six sociodemographic variables from 29,135 adults: sex, age, marital status, educational level, household income, and size of the city of residence. The average age was 46.5 years (+/− 18), 43.0% were male, 19.5% were over 65 years old, 55.6% had completed secondary education, and 43.3% lived in large cities. More than half (64.1%) did not meet the World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines on PA. The main barrier to PA was lack of time (37.3%), followed by health reasons (24.3%) and lack of will (15.4%). Females, individuals who were married or in a couple relationship, those with incomplete secondary education, those who belonged to the three low-income quintiles, and people over 65 years old were 34% (OR 0.66 95% CI 0.59–0.65), 17% (OR 0.83 95% CI 0.79–0.88), 41% (OR 0.59 95% CI 0.56–0.62), 36% (OR 0.74 95% CI 0.70–0.78), and 51% (OR 0.49 95% CI 0.45–0.53) less likely to comply with WHO guidelines, respectively. To plan public policies to promote PA, it is necessary to consider inequities related to physical inactivity, while understanding the PA patterns according to social determinants. Tue, 01 Aug 2023 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/11336/224829 2023-08-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/11336/224826 Políticas públicas para la transición energética argentina: Pasado, presente y futuro; Public policies for the argentine energy transition: Past, present and future Zabaloy, María Florencia; Guzowski, Carina; Recalde, Marina Yesica La preocupación por el cambio climático se ha plasmado en el centro del debate público a nivel mundial. Uno de los sectores hacia donde se dirigen los mayores esfuerzos para mitigar los efectos del cambio climático es el energético. Es por esto que actualmente se impulsan políticas públicas para la transición energética hacia un desarrollo más sostenible en todos los países del mundo. Siguiendo a esta tendencia, Argentina en el año 2021 lanzó un Plan de Transición Energética. Sin embargo, el país hace años que ha comenzado a promover políticas energéticas en esta dirección. En este contexto, el objetivo del presente trabajo es analizar las políticas públicas orientadas a promover los tres principales lineamientos estratégicos del plan de transición energética de Argentina, a saber: gasificación, energías limpias y eficiencia energética. Como conclusión se afirma que en los últimos años se ha afianzado una visión de largo plazo para el sector energético y todos los esfuerzos desde la política energética han apuntado hacia el mismo objetivo: la descarbonización de la matriz energética teniendo en cuenta el contexto social y productivo de Argentina.; Concern about climate change has become the center of public debate worldwide. The energy sector is one of the sectors where the greatest efforts are directed to mitigate the effects of climate change. This is why public policies are currently being promoted for the energy transition towards more sustainable development in all countries of the world. Following this trend, Argentina in 2021 launched an Energy Transition Plan. However, the country has been promoting energy policies in this direction for years. In this context, the aim of this paper is to describe the public policies aimed at promoting the three main strategic guidelines of the Energy Transition Plan in Argentina, namely: gasification, clean energy and energy efficiency. In conclusion, it is stated that in recent years a long-term vision for the energy sector has been consolidated and all efforts from energy policy have pointed towards the same objective: the decarbonization of the energy matrix taking into account the social and productive context of Argentina. In this way, it is possible to affirm that the energy transition plan implies energy planning by the Argentine State. Thu, 01 Jun 2023 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/11336/224826 2023-06-01T00:00:00Z