Capítulos de libros de OFICINA DE COORDINACION ADMINISTRATIVA CIUDAD UNIVERSITARIA http://hdl.handle.net/11336/90355 2024-04-09T15:02:32Z 2024-04-09T15:02:32Z Aduriz Bravo, Agustin Gonzalez Galli, Leonardo Martin http://hdl.handle.net/11336/232396 2024-04-08T14:48:45Z 2022-01-01T00:00:00Z

Darwin’s Ideas as Epitomes of Abductive Reasoning in the Teaching of School Scientific Explanation and Argumentation Aduriz Bravo, Agustin; Gonzalez Galli, Leonardo Martin In this chapter, it is proposed that science teachers can foster students’ construction of model-based scientific explanations and argumentations through the intentional use of abductive reasoning. This kind of reasoning could be introduced in the science curriculum as a central “mode of thinking” when discussing the scientific methodology. School scientific argumentation is here understood as an “explanation of a scientific explanation,” where the connection between a natural phenomenon under scrutiny and a theoretical model (semantically conceived) to account for it is made explicit. It is contended that, in many cases of acknowledged relevance for school science, the “ascent” from evidence to model can be characterized as abduction (either in a broad or in a narrow sense). Accordingly, a suggestion is here advanced to teach the specific mechanics of the participation of abductive inferences in explanation and argumentation in (mainly secondary or tertiary) science classes through the use of paradigmatic cases (“epitomes”) taken from the history of science. Along this line, selected excerpts from Charles Darwin´s book, On the Origin of Species, (Darwin (1859) On the origin of species by means of natural selection, or the preservation of favoured races in the struggle for life, 1st edn. John Murray, London), are employed as such epitomes for biology classes. Following the proposals of several authors, it is shown how a number of theoretical propositions contained in that book can be reconstructed as the conclusions from pieces of abductive reasoning that in many cases use intermediary analogies. Together with the analysis of the examples, the possible formative value of such “abductive reconstructions” for science education is explicated.

2022-01-01T00:00:00Z Alche, Miguel Nehmad Acevedo, Daniel Germán Mejail, Marta Estela http://hdl.handle.net/11336/232374 2024-04-08T13:58:52Z 2022-01-01T00:00:00Z

Early Computer-Aided Diagnose in Medical Environments: A Deep Learning Based Lightweight Solution Alche, Miguel Nehmad; Acevedo, Daniel Germán; Mejail, Marta Estela The use of artificial intelligence in healthcare systems has helped doctors to automate many tasks and has avoided unnecessary patient hospitalizations. Mobile devices have grown in computing capacity and enhanced image acquisition capabilities, which enable the implementation of more powerful outpatient services. In this chapter we propose a lightweight solution to the diagnose of skin lesions. Specifically, we focus on the melanoma classification whose early diagnosis is crucial to increase the chances of its cure. Computer vision algorithms can be used to analyze dermoscopic images of skin lesions and decide if these correspond to benign or malignant tumors. We propose a deep learning solution by means of the adaptation of the attention residual learning designed for ResNets to the EfficientNet networks which are suitable for mobile devices. A comparison is made of this mechanism with other attention mechanisms that these networks already have incorporated. We maintain the efficiency of these networks since only one extra parameter per stage needs to be trained. We also test several pre-processing methods that perform color corrections of skin images and sharpens its details improving the final performance. The proposed methodology can be extended to the early detection and recognition of other forms of skin lesions.

2022-01-01T00:00:00Z Sanchez, Sandra Ines http://hdl.handle.net/11336/189844 2023-03-07T13:32:33Z 2017-01-01T00:00:00Z

Políticas habitacionales en las políticas urbanas de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires Sanchez, Sandra Ines Si bien fue contemplado en la Constitución de la Ciudad, el derecho a la vivienda digna nunca fue reglamentado, y su aplicación resulta conflictiva pues, además, colisiona con el derecho a la propiedad privada; en tanto la función social de la propiedad tampoco está prevista en la Constitución. Con la autonomía de la ciudad, también se planteaban desafíos en las problemáticas urbanas y habitacionales conforme con las nuevas capacidades estatales en la creación de nuevas instituciones, con el objetivo de desarrollar de manera integral y participativa la definición de políticas públicas. La cuestión participativa atraviesa dicha Constitución, desde el artículo 1°, que sostiene que la ciudad: “organiza sus instituciones autónomas como democracia participativa y adopta para su gobierno la forma republicana y representativa”. Agrega también, que “todos los actos de gobierno son públicos”.

2017-01-01T00:00:00Z Pérez Schuster, Verónica Berón de Astrada, Martín Hermitte, Gabriela http://hdl.handle.net/11336/171923 2022-10-05T13:10:33Z 2020-01-01T00:00:00Z

Autonomic reflexes: The alternate cardiac response to sensory stimulation and environmental stress Pérez Schuster, Verónica; Berón de Astrada, Martín; Hermitte, Gabriela Regulation of physiological activities in animals is crucial for the preservation of equilibrium. Such activities include the change of circulatory parameters in response to different behavioural and physiological requirements. The sympathetic prevailing situation, with high heart rate (HR) and low digestive movements, is termed the “fight or flight” stage. This stage describes the behaviour of animals that fight against or flee from an enemy or danger. The parasympathetic overriding situation, with a high level of digestive movements and a low HR is termed the “rest and digest” stage (Cannon 1929, Cannon 1932).

2020-01-01T00:00:00Z